Deng Yi, Sato Naomi
Graduate School of Nursing, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan.
Department of Clinical Nursing, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan.
Intractable Rare Dis Res. 2024 Feb;13(1):1-11. doi: 10.5582/irdr.2023.01113.
As the aging population increases globally, health-related issues caused by frailty are gradually coming to light and have become a global health priority. Frailty leads to a significantly increased risk of falls, incapacitation, and death. Early screening leads to better prevention and management of frailty, increasing the possibility of reversing it. Developing assessment tools by incorporating disease states of older adults using effective interventions has become the most effective approach for preventing and controlling frailty. The most direct and effective tool for evaluating debilitating conditions is a frailty screening tool, but because there is no globally recognized gold standard, every country has its own scale for national use. The diversity and usefulness of the frailty screening tool has become a hot topic worldwide. In this article, we reviewed the frailty screening tool published worldwide from January 2001 to June 2023. We focused on several commonly used frailty screening tools. A systematic search was conducted using PubMed database, and the commonly used frailty screening tools were found to be translated and validated in many countries. Disease-specific scales were also selected to fit the disease. Each of the current frailty screening tools are used in different clinical situations, and therefore, the clinical practice applications of these frailty screening tools are summarized graphically to provide the most intuitive screening and reference for clinical practitioners. The frailty screening tools were categorized as () Global Frailty Screening Tools in Common; () Frailty Screening Tools in various countries; () Frailty Screening Tools for various diseases. As science and technology continue to advance, electronic frailty assessment tools have been developed and utilized. In the context of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), electronic frailty assessment tools played an important role. This review compares the currently used frailty screenings tools, with a view to enable quick selection of the appropriate scale. However, further improvement and justification of each tool is needed to guide clinical practitioners to make better decisions.
随着全球老龄化人口的增加，由身体虚弱引起的健康相关问题逐渐显现，并已成为全球卫生重点。身体虚弱会导致跌倒、失能和死亡风险显著增加。早期筛查有助于更好地预防和管理身体虚弱，增加逆转的可能性。通过纳入老年人的疾病状态并采用有效干预措施来开发评估工具，已成为预防和控制身体虚弱的最有效方法。评估衰弱状况最直接有效的工具是身体虚弱筛查工具，但由于没有全球公认的金标准，每个国家都有自己的国内使用量表。身体虚弱筛查工具的多样性和实用性已成为全球热门话题。在本文中，我们回顾了2001年1月至2023年6月在全球范围内发表的身体虚弱筛查工具。我们重点关注了几种常用的身体虚弱筛查工具。使用PubMed数据库进行了系统检索，发现常用的身体虚弱筛查工具在许多国家都有翻译和验证。还选择了针对特定疾病的量表以适配疾病。当前的每种身体虚弱筛查工具都用于不同的临床情况，因此，以图表形式总结了这些身体虚弱筛查工具的临床实践应用，为临床医生提供最直观的筛查和参考。身体虚弱筛查工具分为：（）常见的全球身体虚弱筛查工具；（）各国的身体虚弱筛查工具；（）各种疾病的身体虚弱筛查工具。随着科技不断进步，电子身体虚弱评估工具已得到开发和应用。在2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）背景下，电子身体虚弱评估工具发挥了重要作用。本综述比较了目前使用的身体虚弱筛查工具，以期能够快速选择合适的量表。然而，每种工具都需要进一步改进和论证，以指导临床医生做出更好的决策。
