CLN2S@Sapienza, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT) and Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161, Rome, Italy.
IRCCS, Santa Lucia Foundation, Via Ardeatina 306, 00179, Rome, Italy.
Psychon Bull Rev. 2024 Oct;31(5):1954-1980. doi: 10.3758/s13423-024-02477-5. Epub 2024 Mar 1.
We conducted a systematic review investigating the influence of visual perspective and body ownership (BO) on vicarious brain resonance and vicarious sensations during the observation of pain and touch. Indeed, the way in which brain reactivity and the phenomenological experience can be modulated by blurring the bodily boundaries of self-other distinction is still unclear. We screened Scopus and WebOfScience, and identified 31 articles, published from 2000 to 2022. Results show that assuming an egocentric perspective enhances vicarious resonance and vicarious sensations. Studies on synaesthetes suggest that vicarious conscious experiences are associated with an increased tendency to embody fake body parts, even in the absence of congruent multisensory stimulation. Moreover, immersive virtual reality studies show that the type of embodied virtual body can affect high-order sensations such as appropriateness, unpleasantness, and erogeneity, associated with the touched body part and the toucher's social identity. We conclude that perspective plays a key role in the resonance with others' pain and touch, and full-BO over virtual avatars allows investigation of complex aspects of pain and touch perception which would not be possible in reality.
我们进行了一项系统综述，研究了视觉视角和身体所有权（BO）对替代性大脑共鸣和替代性疼痛和触觉观察时的感觉的影响。事实上，大脑反应和现象体验如何通过模糊自我与他人区分的身体边界来调节仍然不清楚。我们筛选了 Scopus 和 WebOfScience，确定了 31 篇文章，这些文章的发表时间从 2000 年到 2022 年。结果表明，假设自我中心视角会增强替代性共鸣和替代性感觉。对联觉者的研究表明，替代性意识体验与增加的体现虚假身体部位的趋势有关，即使没有一致的多感官刺激。此外，沉浸式虚拟现实研究表明，所体现的虚拟身体的类型可以影响与被触摸身体部位和触摸者的社会身份相关的高级感觉，如适当性、不愉快感和异体感。我们的结论是，视角在与他人的疼痛和触觉共鸣中起着关键作用，而对虚拟化身的完全 BO 允许研究在现实中不可能进行的疼痛和触觉感知的复杂方面。
