Peterson Tami, Dodson Jessica, Hisey Alicia, Sherwin Robert, Strale Frederick
Applied Behavior Analysis, The Oxford Center, Brighton, USA.
Physical Therapy, The Oxford Center, Brighton, USA.
Cureus. 2024 Feb 1;16(2):e53371. doi: 10.7759/cureus.53371. eCollection 2024 Feb.
Behavioral interventions based on applied behavior analysis (ABA) form current evidence-based practices in treating autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Research is scarce relative to the broad effects of intensive repetitive, discrete trial training, and mass trials combined with a naturalistic environment as measured by overall general target behaviors. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a mixed behavioral model consisting of discrete trial training and mass trial interventions in the naturalistic environment, using a repeated measures design with a retrospective snapshot cohort of 93 individuals with autism.
A repeated measures analysis tracked 89 autistic children with four adult autistic individuals over seven time points during a three-month snapshot period from March 19, 2023, to June 11, 2023. This study determined the effectiveness of applied behavior analysis (ABA) interventions combining discrete trial training, mass trials, and naturalistic environment training on mastered broad target behaviors in autistic individuals using a mixed (between and within) ANOVA statistical design.
Mixed (between and within) ANOVA indicated overall statistical significance, F (6,674)=45.447, p<0.001, partial eta squared=0.365 across time. These results indicated a large effect size. Multiple comparisons showed statistical significance (p<0.001) on all 21 multiple comparisons between timepoints. There was also a significant interaction effect with time × age category, F (24,474)=2.961, p<0.001, partial eta squared=0.130. These results also indicated a large effect size.
Autistic individuals who received applied behavior analysis combining discrete trial training, mass trials, and naturalistic environment training intervention demonstrated statistically significant improvement in target behaviors over the three-month snapshot period, the most prominent being in the 13-16 years age category.
基于应用行为分析（ABA）的行为干预构成了当前治疗自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的循证实践。相对于强化重复、离散试验训练以及在自然环境中进行大量试验所产生的广泛影响（以总体一般目标行为衡量）而言，相关研究较为匮乏。本研究的主要目的是采用重复测量设计，对93名自闭症患者的回顾性快照队列进行研究，评估在自然环境中由离散试验训练和大量试验干预组成的混合行为模型的有效性。
重复测量分析在2023年3月19日至2023年6月11日的三个月快照期内的七个时间点，对89名自闭症儿童和四名成年自闭症患者进行了跟踪。本研究使用混合（组间和组内）方差分析统计设计，确定了结合离散试验训练、大量试验和自然环境训练的应用行为分析（ABA）干预对自闭症个体掌握广泛目标行为的有效性。
混合（组间和组内）方差分析表明，在各个时间点总体具有统计学意义，F（6,674）=45.447，p<0.001，偏 eta 平方=0.365。这些结果表明效应量较大。多重比较显示，各时间点之间的所有21次多重比较均具有统计学意义（p<0.001）。时间×年龄类别也存在显著的交互作用，F（24,474）=2.961，p<0.001，偏 eta 平方=0.130。这些结果也表明效应量较大。
接受了结合离散试验训练、大量试验和自然环境训练干预的应用行为分析的自闭症个体，在三个月的快照期内目标行为有统计学意义的改善，最显著的是在13 - 16岁年龄组。
