Mitu Rahima Akter, Islam Md Rabiul
Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Farmgate, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
School of Pharmacy, BRAC University, Merul Badda, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Environ Health Insights. 2024 Mar 4;18:11786302241235809. doi: 10.1177/11786302241235809. eCollection 2024.
The World Health Organization (WHO) defined Disease X as an upcoming disease with the potential to cause a pandemic. Pathogen X is responsible for Disease X. Marburg virus disease (MVD) is one of the diseases from the priority disease list published by WHO. Marburg virus is a filamentous, negative-sense RNA virus that belongs to the same filovirus family as the lethal Ebola virus. Since the first discovery of this virus in 1967, 17 outbreaks occurred sporadically till 2023. acts as the natural reservoir of the virus. With an average incubation period of 5 to 10 days, its first target is the mononuclear phagocytic system cells. It is highly contagious and can be easily transmitted from animal to human and human to human via direct contact with blood or body fluid, feces, and semen of the infected host. Although Marburg disease has a high case fatality rate of close to 90%, unfortunately, there is no approved vaccines or treatments are available. The most recent outbreak of Marburg virus in Equatorial Guinea and Tanzania in 2023 caused an alert for global health. However, based on the last global pandemic of COVID-19 and the sudden re-emerging of monkeypox around the world, we can assume that the Marburg virus has the potential to cause a global pandemic. Our modern world depends on globalization, which helps the virus transmission among countries. The Marburg virus can easily be transmitted to humans by fruit bats of the Pteropodidae family. This virus causes severe hemorrhagic disease, and there are no specific vaccines and treatments available to combat it. Therefore, community engagement and early supportive care for patients are keys to successfully controlling MVD.
世界卫生组织（WHO）将X疾病定义为一种可能引发大流行的未来疾病。X病原体是X疾病的致病源。马尔堡病毒病（MVD）是WHO公布的重点疾病清单中的疾病之一。马尔堡病毒是一种丝状、负链RNA病毒，与致命的埃博拉病毒同属丝状病毒科。自1967年首次发现这种病毒以来，截至2023年共发生了17次散发性疫情。 是该病毒的天然宿主。其平均潜伏期为5至10天，首个攻击目标是单核吞噬系统细胞。它具有高度传染性，可通过直接接触受感染宿主的血液、体液、粪便和精液轻易地在动物与人之间以及人与人之间传播。尽管马尔堡病的病死率高达近90%，但遗憾的是，目前尚无获批的疫苗或治疗方法。2023年赤道几内亚和坦桑尼亚最近爆发的马尔堡病毒疫情为全球卫生敲响了警钟。然而，基于最近的新冠全球大流行以及猴痘在全球突然再次出现，我们可以推测马尔堡病毒有可能引发全球大流行。我们的现代世界依赖全球化，这有助于病毒在各国之间传播。马尔堡病毒很容易通过狐蝠科的果蝠传播给人类。这种病毒会引发严重的出血性疾病，且没有特效疫苗和治疗方法来对抗它。因此，社区参与和对患者的早期支持性护理是成功控制MVD的关键。
