Munday Holly de Banke, Whitley Gregory Adam
University of Lincoln.
University of Lincoln; East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust ORCID iD: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2586-6815.
Br Paramed J. 2024 Mar 1;8(4):21-29. doi: 10.29045/14784726.2024.3.8.4.21.
Chest pain is a frequent symptom suffered by adult patients attended by ambulance. Evidence suggests female patients may suffer different symptoms to their male counterparts, potentiating differences in pre-hospital time delays, assessment and treatment.
To explore the sex differences in the pre-hospital ambulance delay, assessment and treatment of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).
A rapid evidence review was conducted following the Cochrane rapid review guidelines. MEDLINE and CINAHL Complete were searched via EBSCOhost on 2 February 2023, and reference lists of included studies and reviews were screened. The Joanna Briggs Institute checklist for analytical cross-sectional studies was used to perform critical appraisal, and a narrative synthesis was conducted.
From 216 articles screened, nine were included, representing over 3.1 million patients from five different countries. Female patients were more likely to suffer delays in time to first electrocardiogram (ECG) and delays in transport time to the emergency department by ambulance. Female patients were also less likely to receive an ECG, aspirin, glyceryl trinitrate and other analgesics.
There are sex disparities in the pre-hospital ambulance delay, assessment and treatment of patients with ACS. Future research is urgently needed to fully understand the reasons for these observations.
胸痛是成年急救患者常见的症状。有证据表明，女性患者的症状可能与男性患者不同，这可能会导致院前时间延迟、评估和治疗方面的差异。
探讨急性冠状动脉综合征（ACS）患者院前急救延迟、评估和治疗方面的性别差异。
按照Cochrane快速综述指南进行快速证据综述。于2023年2月2日通过EBSCOhost检索MEDLINE和CINAHL Complete数据库，并筛选纳入研究和综述的参考文献列表。使用乔安娜·布里格斯研究所分析性横断面研究清单进行严格评价，并进行叙述性综合分析。
在筛选的216篇文章中，纳入了9篇，代表来自五个不同国家的超过310万名患者。女性患者更有可能在首次心电图（ECG）检查时间上出现延迟，以及在通过救护车转运至急诊科的时间上出现延迟。女性患者接受心电图检查、阿司匹林、硝酸甘油和其他镇痛药治疗的可能性也较小。
ACS患者在院前急救延迟、评估和治疗方面存在性别差异。迫切需要进一步研究以充分了解这些观察结果的原因。
