Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Mewar University, Gangrar, Chittorgarh, Rajasthan, 312901, India.
Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Applied Science, Al-Qalam University, Katsina, Nigeria.
Sci Rep. 2024 Mar 7;14(1):5589. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-56052-y.
The utilization of plants for the production of metallic nanoparticles is gaining significant attention in research. In this study, we conducted phytochemical screening of Alstonia scholaris (A. scholaris) leaves extracts using various solvents, including chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-hexane, methanol, and water. Our findings revealed higher proportions of flavonoids and alkaloids in both solvents compared to other phytochemical species. In the methanol, extract proteins, anthraquinone and reducing sugar were not detected. On the other hand, the aqueous extract demonstrated the presence of amino acids, reducing sugar, phenolic compounds, anthraquinone, and saponins. Notably, ethyl acetate and chloroform extracts displayed the highest levels of bioactive compounds among all solvents. Intrigued by these results, we proceeded to investigate the antibacterial properties of the leaf extracts against two major bacterial strains, Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). All extracts exhibited significant zones of inhibition against both bacterial isolates, with S. aureus showing higher susceptibility compared to E. coli. Notably, the methanol extract displayed the most potent I hibitory effect against all organisms. Inspired by the bioactivity of the methanol extract, we employed it as a plant-based material for the green synthesis of copper nanoparticles (Cu-NPs). The synthesized Cu-NPs were characterized using Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), UV-visible spectroscopic analysis, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The observed color changes confirmed the successful formation of Cu-NPs, while the FTIR analysis matched previously reported peaks, further verifying the synthesis. The SEM micrographs indicated the irregular shapes of the surface particles. From the result obtained by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopic analysis, Cu has the highest relative abundance of 67.41 wt%. Confirming the purity of the Cu-NPs colloid. These findings contribute to the growing field of eco-friendly nanotechnology and emphasize the significance of plant-mediated approaches in nanomaterial synthesis and biomedical applications.
利用植物生产金属纳米粒子在研究中受到了广泛关注。在这项研究中，我们使用各种溶剂对夹竹桃（A. scholaris）叶片提取物进行了植物化学筛选，包括氯仿、乙酸乙酯、正己烷、甲醇和水。我们的发现表明，在这两种溶剂中，黄酮类化合物和生物碱的比例都高于其他植物化学物质。在甲醇提取物中，未检测到蛋白质、蒽醌和还原糖。另一方面，水提取物中存在氨基酸、还原糖、酚类化合物、蒽醌和皂苷。值得注意的是，乙酸乙酯和氯仿提取物在所有溶剂中表现出最高水平的生物活性化合物。鉴于这些结果，我们进一步研究了叶片提取物对两种主要细菌菌株大肠杆菌（E. coli）和金黄色葡萄球菌（S. aureus）的抗菌特性。所有提取物对两种细菌分离株都表现出明显的抑制区域，金黄色葡萄球菌比大肠杆菌更敏感。值得注意的是，甲醇提取物对所有生物表现出最有效的抑制作用。受甲醇提取物生物活性的启发，我们将其用作植物基材料，用于绿色合成铜纳米粒子（Cu-NPs）。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）、紫外可见光谱分析和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对合成的 Cu-NPs 进行了表征。观察到的颜色变化证实了 Cu-NPs 的成功形成，而 FTIR 分析与先前报道的峰相匹配，进一步验证了合成。SEM 显微照片表明表面颗粒的形状不规则。从能量色散 X 射线光谱分析得到的结果来看，Cu 的相对丰度最高，为 67.41wt%。证实了 Cu-NPs 胶体的纯度。这些发现为环保型纳米技术领域的发展做出了贡献，并强调了植物介导方法在纳米材料合成和生物医学应用中的重要性。
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