Anish Rajamohanan Jalaja, Mohanan Biji, Nair Aswathy, Radhakrishnan K V, Rauf Arun A
Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala, Kariavattom Campus, Thiruvananthapuram, 695581 India.
Chemical Sciences and Technology Division CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019 India.
3 Biotech. 2024 Apr;14(4):101. doi: 10.1007/s13205-024-03942-7. Epub 2024 Mar 6.
Osteoporosis is a common metabolic old age disorder characterised by low bone mass content (BMC) and mineral density (BMD) with micro-architectural deterioration of the extracellular matrix, further increasing bone fragility risk. Several traditional remedies, including plant extracts and herbal formulations, are used worldwide by local healers to improve the overall bone health and metabolism as an excellent osteoregenerative agent. is an underexplored medicinal plant used by tribal peoples of Western Ghats, India, to treat bone fractures and associated inflammation. The proposed study evaluates the elemental profiling and phytochemical characterisation of methanolic bark extract (PRME), along with detailed In vitro and In vivo biological investigation in MG-63 cells and Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. AAS and ICP-MS analysis showed the presence of calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium and exceptional levels of strontium, chromium, and zinc in PRME. The NMR characterisation revealed the presence of vanillic acid, Ergost-4-ene-3-one and catechin. The molecular docking studies revealed the target pockets of isolated compounds and various marker proteins in the bone remodelling cycle. In vitro studies showed a significant hike in ALP and calcium content, along with upregulated mRNA expression of the ALP and COL1, which confirmed the osteoinductive activity of PRME in human osteoblast-like MG-63 cells. The in vivo evaluation in ovariectomised (OVX) rats showed remarkable recovery in ALP, collagen and osteocalcin protein after 3 months of PRME treatment. DEXA scanning reports in OVX rats supported the above in vitro and in vivo results, significantly enhancing the BMD and BMC. The results suggest that PRME can induce osteogenic activity and enhance bone formation with an excellent osteoprotective effect against bone loss in OVX animals due to estrogen deficiency.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-024-03942-7.
骨质疏松症是一种常见的代谢性老年疾病，其特征是骨量含量（BMC）和矿物质密度（BMD）低，细胞外基质微结构恶化，进一步增加了骨折风险。包括植物提取物和草药配方在内的几种传统疗法，被世界各地的当地治疗师用作优秀的骨再生剂，以改善整体骨骼健康和新陈代谢。 是一种未被充分研究的药用植物，印度西高止山脉的部落居民用它来治疗骨折和相关炎症。本研究评估了 甲醇树皮提取物（PRME）的元素分析和植物化学特征，并在MG-63细胞和Sprague-Dawley（SD）大鼠中进行了详细的体外和体内生物学研究。原子吸收光谱法（AAS）和电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）分析表明，PRME中存在钙、磷和镁，以及锶、铬和锌的异常含量。核磁共振（NMR）表征显示存在香草酸、麦角甾-4-烯-3-酮和儿茶素。分子对接研究揭示了骨重塑周期中分离化合物和各种标记蛋白的靶点口袋。体外研究表明，碱性磷酸酶（ALP）和钙含量显著升高，同时ALP和COL1的mRNA表达上调，这证实了PRME在人成骨样MG-63细胞中的骨诱导活性。对去卵巢（OVX）大鼠的体内评估显示，PRME治疗3个月后，ALP、胶原蛋白和骨钙素蛋白有显著恢复。OVX大鼠的双能X线吸收法（DEXA）扫描报告支持了上述体外和体内结果，显著提高了骨密度（BMD）和骨量含量（BMC）。结果表明，PRME可以诱导成骨活性，增强骨形成，对OVX动物因雌激素缺乏导致的骨质流失具有优异的骨保护作用。
在线版本包含可在10.1007/s13205-024-03942-7获取的补充材料。
