Department of Pathology, Kastamonu University, 37150, Kastamonu, Turkey.
Department of Anatomy, Kastamonu University, 37150, Kastamonu, Turkey.
Fish Physiol Biochem. 2023 Jun;49(3):441-454. doi: 10.1007/s10695-023-01193-6. Epub 2023 Apr 25.
The major goal of this study was to determine the effect of grape seed extract (GSE) on liver damage in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) that was caused by the consumption of dietary oxidized fish oil (OFO). Rainbow trout were fed six different experimental diets coded OX-GSE 0 (OFO diet), OX-GSE 1 (OFO and 0.1% GSE), OX-GSE 3 (OFO and 0.3% GSE), GSE 0 (fresh fish oil and 0.0% GSE), GSE 1 (fresh fish oil and 0.1% GSE), and GSE 3 (fresh fish oil and 0.3% GSE) for 30 days. The lowest % hepatosomatic index (HSI) result was calculated in fish fed with OX-GSE 0 and the highest HSI was determined in fish fed with GSE 1 diets (p < 0.05). Histopathologically, hydropic degeneration in hepatocytes significantly increased OX-GSE 0 and GSE 3 compared to GSE 1 diets (p < 0.05). Deposition of lipid droplets in hepatocytes was significantly increased in OX-GSE 0 and OX-GSE 3 groups than others (p < 0.05). Liver biochemistry parameters such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were significantly affected by OX and GSE treatments (p < 0.05). There were significant differences in alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) among the liver enzymes analyzed in serum in OX and GSE (p < 0.05), meanwhile no difference was observed in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) values between groups (p > 0.05). In conclusion, liver biochemistry and histopathology of rainbow trout consuming diets containing oxidized fish oil were negatively affected. However, it was determined that the supplementation of 0.1% GSE to the diet had a significant ameliorative role in these adverse effects.
本研究的主要目的是确定葡萄籽提取物（GSE）对食用氧化鱼油（OFO）引起的虹鳟鱼（Oncorhynchus mykiss）肝损伤的影响。虹鳟鱼被喂食六种不同的实验饲料，编码为 OX-GSE 0（OFO 饲料）、OX-GSE 1（OFO 和 0.1%GSE）、OX-GSE 3（OFO 和 0.3%GSE）、GSE 0（新鲜鱼油和 0.0%GSE）、GSE 1（新鲜鱼油和 0.1%GSE）和 GSE 3（新鲜鱼油和 0.3%GSE），为期 30 天。肝体比（HSI）最低的结果是在喂食 OX-GSE 0 的鱼中计算得出的，而在喂食 GSE 1 饲料的鱼中确定了最高的 HSI（p<0.05）。组织病理学上，与 GSE 1 饲料相比，OX-GSE 0 和 GSE 3 中肝细胞的水样变性显著增加（p<0.05）。肝细胞中脂质滴的沉积在 OX-GSE 0 和 OX-GSE 3 组中显著增加，而在其他组中则没有（p<0.05）。超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽（GSH）和丙二醛（MDA）等肝脏生化参数均受到 OX 和 GSE 处理的显著影响（p<0.05）。在血清中分析的肝脏酶中，丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）和碱性磷酸酶（ALP）之间存在显著差异，而组间乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）值无差异（p>0.05）。总之，摄入含有氧化鱼油的饲料会对虹鳟鱼的肝脏生化和组织病理学产生负面影响。然而，确定在饮食中添加 0.1%GSE 对这些不良反应具有显著的改善作用。
