Torne Atharva S, Robertson Erle S
Tumor Virology Program, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Cancers (Basel). 2024 Feb 29;16(5):991. doi: 10.3390/cancers16050991.
The Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) is a double-stranded DNA-based human tumor virus that was first isolated in 1964 from lymphoma biopsies. Since its initial discovery, EBV has been identified as a major contributor to numerous cancers and chronic autoimmune disorders. The virus is particularly efficient at infecting B-cells but can also infect epithelial cells, utilizing an array of epigenetic strategies to establish long-term latent infection. The association with histone modifications, alteration of DNA methylation patterns in host and viral genomes, and microRNA targeting of host cell factors are core epigenetic strategies that drive interactions between host and virus, which are necessary for viral persistence and progression of EBV-associated diseases. Therefore, understanding epigenetic regulation and its role in post-entry viral dynamics is an elusive area of EBV research. Here, we present current outlooks of EBV epigenetic regulation as it pertains to viral interactions with its host during latent infection and its propensity to induce tumorigenesis. We review the important epigenetic regulators of EBV latency and explore how the strategies involved during latent infection drive differential epigenetic profiles and host-virus interactions in EBV-associated cancers.
爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒（EBV）是一种基于双链DNA的人类肿瘤病毒，于1964年首次从淋巴瘤活检组织中分离出来。自最初发现以来，EBV已被确定为多种癌症和慢性自身免疫性疾病的主要诱因。该病毒在感染B细胞方面特别有效，但也能感染上皮细胞，利用一系列表观遗传策略建立长期潜伏感染。与组蛋白修饰、宿主和病毒基因组中DNA甲基化模式的改变以及宿主细胞因子的微小RNA靶向相关联，是驱动宿主与病毒之间相互作用的核心表观遗传策略，这些相互作用对于病毒的持续存在和EBV相关疾病的进展是必不可少的。因此，了解表观遗传调控及其在病毒进入后动力学中的作用是EBV研究中一个难以捉摸的领域。在这里，我们阐述了EBV表观遗传调控的当前观点，涉及其在潜伏感染期间与宿主的病毒相互作用以及诱导肿瘤发生的倾向。我们回顾了EBV潜伏的重要表观遗传调节因子，并探讨了潜伏感染期间涉及的策略如何驱动EBV相关癌症中的差异表观遗传谱和宿主-病毒相互作用。
