School of Physiotherapy, VIA University College, Holstebro, Denmark.
Centre for Research in Health and Nursing, Research, Regional Hospital Central Jutland, Viborg, Denmark.
BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2024 Mar 18;25(1):219. doi: 10.1186/s12891-024-07344-x.
Pain in multiple body sites is common and often persistent. The purpose of this prospective study was to examine the change in the number of pain sites (NPS) over time and to evaluate to which extent clinical, demographic, lifestyle and health-related factors predict a change in NPS.
This was a population-based longitudinal cohort study of adults (n = 2,357). Data on pain, demographic, lifestyle, and health-related variables were collected by questionnaires in 2008 and 2020 and register data from 2006 to 2017. Data was analysed with linear regression.
We found a mean decrease in NPS over the 12-year follow-up period (-0.36 (95% CI; -0.44; -0.27) and 56% of this sample reported no change or only one pain site increase/decrease over 12 years. While participants reporting pain for less than 3 months at baseline had almost no change in NPS (-0.04 (95% CI; -0.18; 0.10)), participants with pain for longer than 3 months decreased by -0.51 (95% CI; -0.62; -0.41). Age at baseline (20-49 years), pain intensity, and obesity (BMI ≥ 30) were associated with an increase in NPS over the follow-up period.
NPS is relatively stable over time. We found a small mean decrease in NPS over 12 years varying between participants with pain for longer than 3 months and pain for less than 3 months respectively. The results also indicate that pain intensity, age, and obesity could be relevant factors to consider when predicting change in NPS.
多部位疼痛很常见，且通常持续存在。本前瞻性研究旨在探讨疼痛部位数量（NPS）随时间的变化，并评估临床、人口统计学、生活方式和健康相关因素在多大程度上可以预测 NPS 的变化。
这是一项基于人群的成年人纵向队列研究（n=2357）。2008 年和 2020 年通过问卷收集疼痛、人口统计学、生活方式和健康相关变量的数据，并使用 2006 年至 2017 年的登记数据。使用线性回归进行数据分析。
我们发现，在 12 年的随访期间，NPS 呈平均下降趋势（-0.36（95%CI；-0.44；-0.27），且该样本中有 56%的人报告在 12 年内无变化或仅增加/减少一个疼痛部位。虽然基线时报告疼痛持续时间少于 3 个月的参与者 NPS 几乎没有变化（-0.04（95%CI；-0.18；0.10）），但疼痛持续时间超过 3 个月的参与者 NPS 减少了-0.51（95%CI；-0.62；-0.41）。基线年龄（20-49 岁）、疼痛强度和肥胖症（BMI≥30）与随访期间 NPS 的增加相关。
NPS 随时间相对稳定。我们发现，在 12 年内，NPS 略有平均下降，分别在疼痛持续时间超过 3 个月和疼痛持续时间少于 3 个月的参与者之间存在差异。研究结果还表明，疼痛强度、年龄和肥胖症可能是预测 NPS 变化时需要考虑的相关因素。
