Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Architecture et Fonction des Macromolé cules Biologiques, INRAE, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France.
Cell Rep. 2023 Nov 28;42(11). doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113233. Epub 2023 Oct 28.
Industrialization has transformed the gut microbiota, reducing the prevalence of relative to . Here, we isolate and strains from the microbiota of Hadza hunter-gatherers in Tanzania, a population with high levels of . We demonstrate that plant-derived microbiota-accessible carbohydrates (MACs) are required for persistence of but not . Differences in carbohydrate metabolism gene content, expression, and growth reveal that Hadza strains specialize in degrading plant carbohydrates, while Hadza isolates use both plant and host-derived carbohydrates, a difference mirrored in from non-Hadza populations. When competing directly, requires plant-derived MACs to maintain colonization in the presence of , as a no-MAC diet eliminates colonization. 's reliance on plant-derived MACs and ' ability to use host mucus carbohydrates could explain the reduced prevalence of in populations consuming a low-MAC, industrialized diet.
工业化改变了肠道微生物群，降低了相对的流行率。在这里，我们从坦桑尼亚哈扎狩猎采集者的微生物群中分离出和菌株，这些人具有高水平的。我们证明，植物来源的微生物群可利用碳水化合物（MACs）是维持的必需条件，但不是的必需条件。碳水化合物代谢基因含量、表达和生长的差异表明，哈扎菌株专门降解植物碳水化合物，而哈扎分离株既利用植物来源的碳水化合物，也利用宿主来源的碳水化合物，这一差异在非哈扎人群的中也得到了反映。当直接竞争时，需要植物来源的 MACs 来维持在存在的情况下的定植，因为无 MAC 饮食会消除的定植。对植物来源的 MACs 的依赖和对宿主粘液碳水化合物的利用能力可以解释在食用低 MAC、工业化饮食的人群中减少的流行率。
