哈扎人需要饮食来源的微生物可利用碳水化合物才能在小鼠体内存活。
Hadza Require Diet-derived Microbiota Accessible Carbohydrates to Persist in Mice.
作者信息
Gellman Rebecca H, Olm Matthew R, Terrapon Nicolas, Enam Fatima, Higginbottom Steven K, Sonnenburg Justin L, Sonnenburg Erica D
机构信息
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques, INRAE, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France.
出版信息
bioRxiv. 2023 Mar 9:2023.03.08.531063. doi: 10.1101/2023.03.08.531063.
Industrialization has transformed the gut microbiota, reducing the prevalence of relative to . Here, we isolate and strains from the microbiota of Hadza hunter-gatherers of Tanzania, a population with high levels of . We demonstrate that plant-derived microbiota-accessible carbohydrates (MACs) are required for persistence of but not . Differences in carbohydrate metabolism gene content, expression, and growth reveal that Hadza strains specialize in degrading plant carbohydrates, while Hadza isolates use both plant and host-derived carbohydrates, a difference mirrored in from non-Hadza populations. When competing directly, requires plant-derived MACs to maintain colonization in the presence of , as a no MAC diet eliminates colonization. reliance on plant-derived MACs and ability to use host mucus carbohydrates could explain the reduced prevalence of in populations consuming a low-MAC, industrialized diet.
工业化改变了肠道微生物群，降低了相对于……的患病率。在这里，我们从坦桑尼亚哈扎狩猎采集者的微生物群中分离出……和……菌株，这是一个……水平较高的人群。我们证明，植物来源的微生物可利用碳水化合物（MACs）是……持续存在所必需的，但不是……所必需的。碳水化合物代谢基因含量、表达和……生长的差异表明，哈扎……菌株专门降解植物碳水化合物，而哈扎……分离株同时利用植物和宿主来源的碳水化合物，这种差异在非哈扎人群的……中也有体现。当直接竞争时，……需要植物来源的MACs在有……存在的情况下维持定植，因为无MAC饮食会消除……定植。……对植物来源MACs的依赖以及……利用宿主黏液碳水化合物的能力可以解释在食用低MAC工业化饮食的人群中……患病率降低的原因。
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