Department of Genetics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Division of Endocrinology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Cell Host Microbe. 2022 Jun 8;30(6):848-862.e7. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2022.03.036. Epub 2022 Apr 27.
Dietary fibers act through the microbiome to improve cardiovascular health and prevent metabolic disorders and cancer. To understand the health benefits of dietary fiber supplementation, we investigated two popular purified fibers, arabinoxylan (AX) and long-chain inulin (LCI), and a mixture of five fibers. We present multiomic signatures of metabolomics, lipidomics, proteomics, metagenomics, a cytokine panel, and clinical measurements on healthy and insulin-resistant participants. Each fiber is associated with fiber-dependent biochemical and microbial responses. AX consumption associates with a significant reduction in LDL and an increase in bile acids, contributing to its observed cholesterol reduction. LCI is associated with an increase in Bifidobacterium. However, at the highest LCI dose, there is increased inflammation and elevation in the liver enzyme alanine aminotransferase. This study yields insights into the effects of fiber supplementation and the mechanisms behind fiber-induced cholesterol reduction, and it shows effects of individual, purified fibers on the microbiome.
膳食纤维通过微生物组发挥作用，可改善心血管健康，预防代谢紊乱和癌症。为了了解膳食纤维补充的健康益处，我们研究了两种流行的纯化纤维，阿拉伯木聚糖（AX）和长链菊粉（LCI），以及五种纤维的混合物。我们呈现了代谢组学、脂质组学、蛋白质组学、宏基因组学、细胞因子组和健康及胰岛素抵抗参与者临床测量的多组学特征。每种纤维都与纤维依赖性生化和微生物反应相关。AX 的消耗与 LDL 的显著降低和胆汁酸的增加相关，这有助于观察到的胆固醇降低。LCI 与双歧杆菌的增加有关。然而，在最高 LCI 剂量下，炎症增加，肝酶丙氨酸氨基转移酶升高。这项研究深入了解了纤维补充的作用以及纤维诱导胆固醇降低的机制，并展示了单个纯化纤维对微生物组的影响。
