Wierzbicki Mateusz, Kot Magdalena, Lange Agata, Kalińska Aleksandra, Gołębiewski Marcin, Jaworski Sławomir
Department of Nanobiotechnology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, 02-786, Poland.
Animal Breeding Department, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, 02-786, Poland.
Nanotechnol Sci Appl. 2024 Mar 20;17:77-94. doi: 10.2147/NSA.S447810. eCollection 2024.
in dairy cows is a worldwide problem faced by dairy producers. Treatment mainly involves antibiotic therapy, however, due to widespread antibiotic resistance among bacteria, such treatments are no longer effective. For this reason, scientists are searching for new solutions to combat , which is caused by bacteria, fungi, and algae. One of the most promising solutions, nanotechnology, is attracting research due to its biocidal properties. The purpose of this research was to determine the biocidal properties of nanocomposites as a potential alternative to antibiotics in the control of , as well as to determine whether the use of nanoparticles and what concentration is safe for the breeder and the animal.
In this study, the effects of Ag, Au, Cu, Fe, and Pt nanoparticles and their complexes were evaluated in relation to the survival of bacteria and fungi isolated from cattle diagnosed with , their physicochemical properties, and their toxicity to bovine and human mammary epithelial cells BME-UV1 and HMEC (human microvascular endothelial cells). Moreover, , and sp. invasion was assessed using the alginate bead (bioprinted) model. The NPs were tested at concentrations of 25, 12.5, 6.25, 3.125, 1.56 mg/l for Au, Ag, Cu and Fe NPs, and 10, 5, 2.5, 1.25, 0.625 mg/l for Pt.
With the exception of Fe and Pt, all exhibited biocidal properties against isolates, while the AgCu complex had the best effect. In addition, nanoparticles showed synergistic effects, while the low concentrations had no toxic effect on BME-UV1 and HMEC cells.
Synergistic effects of nanoparticles and no toxicity to bovine and human cells might, in the future, be an effective alternative in the fight against microorganisms responsible for , and the implementation of research results in practice would reduce the percentage of dairy cows suffering from . The problem of increasing antibiotic resistance is posing a global threat to human's and animal's health, and requires comprehensive research to evaluate the potential use of nanoparticles - especially their complexes - as well as to determine whether nanoparticles are safe for the breeders and the animals. The conducted series of studies allows further consideration of the use of the obtained results in practice, creating a potentially new alternative to antibiotics in the treatment and prevention of in dairy cattle.
在奶牛中是奶农面临的一个全球性问题。治疗主要涉及抗生素疗法，然而，由于细菌中广泛存在抗生素耐药性，此类治疗已不再有效。因此，科学家们正在寻找对抗由细菌、真菌和藻类引起的新解决方案。最有前景的解决方案之一——纳米技术，因其杀菌特性而吸引了研究关注。本研究的目的是确定纳米复合材料作为抗生素在控制中的潜在替代品的杀菌特性，以及确定纳米颗粒的使用及其浓度对饲养者和动物是否安全。
在本研究中，评估了银、金、铜、铁和铂纳米颗粒及其复合物对从被诊断患有奶牛中分离出的细菌和真菌的存活率、其物理化学性质以及对牛和人乳腺上皮细胞BME - UV1和HMEC（人微血管内皮细胞）的毒性的影响。此外，使用藻酸盐珠（生物打印）模型评估了、和sp.的侵袭情况。金、银、铜和铁纳米颗粒的测试浓度为25、12.5、6.25、3.125、1.56毫克/升，铂的测试浓度为10、5、2.5、1.25、0.625毫克/升。
除铁和铂外，所有物质对分离株均表现出杀菌特性，而银铜复合物效果最佳。此外，纳米颗粒显示出协同效应，而低浓度对BME - UV1和HMEC细胞无毒性作用。
纳米颗粒的协同效应以及对牛和人细胞无毒性，未来可能成为对抗导致的微生物的有效替代品，将研究结果应用于实践将降低患奶牛的比例。抗生素耐药性增加的问题对人类和动物健康构成全球威胁，需要进行全面研究以评估纳米颗粒——尤其是其复合物——的潜在用途，以及确定纳米颗粒对饲养者和动物是否安全。所进行的一系列研究允许进一步考虑在实践中使用所得结果，为奶牛治疗和预防创造一种潜在的抗生素新替代品。
