Grancharova Tsenka, Simeonova Stanislava, Pilicheva Bissera, Zagorchev Plamen
Department of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, BGR.
Research Institute, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, BGR.
Cureus. 2024 Feb 22;16(2):e54671. doi: 10.7759/cureus.54671. eCollection 2024 Feb.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects approximately 1% of people over the age of 60 and 5% of those over the age of 85. Current drugs for Parkinson's disease mainly affect the symptoms and cannot stop its progression. Nanotechnology provides a solution to address some challenges in therapy, such as overcoming the blood-brain barrier (BBB), adverse pharmacokinetics, and the limited bioavailability of therapeutics. The reformulation of drugs into nanoparticles (NPs) can improve their biodistribution, protect them from degradation, reduce the required dose, and ensure target accumulation. Furthermore, appropriately designed nanoparticles enable the combination of diagnosis and therapy with a single nanoagent. In recent years, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been studied with increasing interest due to their intrinsic nanozyme activity. They can mimic the action of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase. The use of 13-nm gold nanoparticles (CNM-Au8®) in bicarbonate solution is being studied as a potential treatment for Parkinson's disease and other neurological illnesses. CNM-Au8® improves remyelination and motor functions in experimental animals. Among the many techniques for nanoparticle synthesis, green synthesis is increasingly used due to its simplicity and therapeutic potential. Green synthesis relies on natural and environmentally friendly materials, such as plant extracts, to reduce metal ions and form nanoparticles. Moreover, the presence of bioactive plant compounds on their surface increases the therapeutic potential of these nanoparticles. The present article reviews the possibilities of nanoparticles obtained by green synthesis to combine the therapeutic effects of plant components with gold.
帕金森病（PD）是一种进行性神经退行性疾病，影响约1%的60岁以上人群和5%的85岁以上人群。目前治疗帕金森病的药物主要影响症状，无法阻止其进展。纳米技术为解决治疗中的一些挑战提供了一种解决方案，例如克服血脑屏障（BBB）、不良药代动力学以及治疗药物有限的生物利用度。将药物重新配制为纳米颗粒（NPs）可以改善其生物分布，保护它们不被降解，减少所需剂量，并确保靶向积累。此外，经过适当设计的纳米颗粒能够用单一纳米剂实现诊断和治疗的结合。近年来，金纳米颗粒（AuNPs）因其固有的纳米酶活性而受到越来越多的研究。它们可以模拟超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶和过氧化物酶的作用。在碳酸氢盐溶液中使用13纳米金纳米颗粒（CNM-Au8®）正在作为帕金森病和其他神经疾病的一种潜在治疗方法进行研究。CNM-Au8®可改善实验动物的髓鞘再生和运动功能。在众多纳米颗粒合成技术中，绿色合成因其简单性和治疗潜力而越来越多地被使用。绿色合成依靠天然且环保的材料，如植物提取物，来还原金属离子并形成纳米颗粒。此外，其表面存在的生物活性植物化合物增加了这些纳米颗粒的治疗潜力。本文综述了通过绿色合成获得的纳米颗粒将植物成分与金的治疗效果相结合的可能性。
