Alabrahim Obaydah Abd Alkader, Azzazy Hassan Mohamed El-Said
Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences & Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt.
Department of Nanobiophotonics, Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert Einstein Str. 9, Jena 07745, Germany.
ACS Omega. 2024 Mar 4;9(11):12622-12634. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07413. eCollection 2024 Mar 19.
The rising risks of food microbial contamination and foodborne pathogens resistance have prompted an increasing interest in natural antimicrobials as promising alternatives to synthetic antimicrobials. Essential oils (EOs) obtained from natural sources have shown promising anticancer, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activities. EOs extracted from the resins of var. are widely utilized for the treatment of skin inflammations, gastrointestinal disorders, respiratory infections, wound healing, and cancers. The therapeutic benefits of essential oils (PO) are limited by their low solubility, poor bioavailability, and high volatility. Nanoencapsulation of PO can improve their physicochemical properties and consequently their therapeutic efficacy while overcoming their undesirable side effects. Hence, PO was extracted from the resins of via hydrodistillation. Then, PO was encapsulated into (2-hydroxypropyl)-beta-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) via freeze-drying. The obtained inclusion complexes (PO-ICs) appeared as round vesicles (22.62 to 63.19 nm) forming several agglomerations (180 to 350 nm), as detected by UHR-TEM, with remarkable entrapment efficiency (89.59 ± 1.47%) and a PDI of 0.1475 ± 0.0005. Furthermore, the encapsulation and stability of PO-ICs were confirmed via FE-SEM, H NMR, 2D HNMR (NOESY), FT-IR, UHR-TEM, and DSC. DSC revealed a higher thermal stability of the PO-ICs, reaching 351.0 °C. PO-ICs exerted substantial antibacterial activity against , , and as compared to free PO. PO-ICs showed significant enhancement in the antibacterial activity of the encapsulated PO against with an MIC90 of 2.84 mg/mL and against with MIC90 of 3.62 mg/mL and MIC50 of 0.56 mg/mL. In addition, PO-ICs showed greater antimicrobial activity against by 6-fold with an MIC90 of 0.89 mg/mL, compared to free PO, which showed an MIC90 of 5.38 mg/mL. In conclusion, the encapsulation of PO into HPβCD enhanced its aqueous solubility, stability, and penetration ability, resulting in a significantly higher antibacterial activity.
食品微生物污染风险的上升以及食源性病原体耐药性的增强，促使人们对天然抗菌剂作为合成抗菌剂的有前景替代品越来越感兴趣。从天然来源获得的精油（EOs）已显示出有前景的抗癌、抗菌和抗氧化活性。从[植物品种名]树脂中提取的EOs被广泛用于治疗皮肤炎症、胃肠道疾病、呼吸道感染、伤口愈合和癌症。精油（PO）的治疗益处受到其低溶解度、差的生物利用度和高挥发性的限制。PO的纳米包封可以改善其物理化学性质，从而提高其治疗效果，同时克服其不良副作用。因此，通过水蒸馏从[植物品种名]树脂中提取PO。然后，通过冷冻干燥将PO包封到（2-羟丙基）-β-环糊精（HPβCD）中。通过超高分辨率透射电子显微镜（UHR-TEM）检测，得到的包合物（PO-ICs）呈现为圆形囊泡（22.62至63.19纳米），形成几个团聚体（180至350纳米），包封率显著（89.59±1.47%），多分散指数（PDI）为0.1475±0.0005。此外，通过场发射扫描电子显微镜（FE-SEM）、核磁共振氢谱（H NMR）、二维核磁共振氢谱（2D HNMR，NOESY）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）、UHR-TEM和差示扫描量热法（DSC）证实了PO-ICs的包封和稳定性。DSC显示PO-ICs具有更高的热稳定性，达到351.0℃。与游离PO相比，PO-ICs对[细菌名称1]、[细菌名称2]和[细菌名称3]具有显著的抗菌活性。PO-ICs显示包封的PO对[细菌名称4]的抗菌活性显著增强，MIC90为2.84毫克/毫升，对[细菌名称5]的MIC90为3.62毫克/毫升，MIC50为0.56毫克/毫升。此外，与游离PO（MIC90为5.38毫克/毫升）相比，PO-ICs对[细菌名称6]的抗菌活性提高了6倍，MIC90为0.89毫克/毫升。总之，将PO包封到HPβCD中提高了其水溶性、稳定性和渗透能力，从而产生了显著更高的抗菌活性。
