Orzali Laura, Valente Maria Teresa, Scala Valeria, Loreti Stefania, Pucci Nicoletta
CREA-DC Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification, via C.G. Bertero, 22, 00156 Rome, Italy.
Antibiotics (Basel). 2020 Sep 21;9(9):628. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics9090628.
subsp. (Smith) Davis et al. (Cmm) and Yabuuchi et al. (Smith) (Rs) are important seed-borne bacterial pathogens of tomato () listed as A2 pests in the EPPO (European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization) region. At present, there are few strategies to control these pathogens, and seed control with eco-compatible approaches is widely encouraged. In this work, the essential oils (EOs) of oregano (), garlic (), basil (), cinnamon (), clove buds (), thyme (), and extract (Tve) were tested in vitro for their antimicrobial activity against Cmm and Rs (broth microdilution method). The tested EOs and the Tve extract caused a significant inhibition of bacterial growth, with very promising MBC (minimum bactericidal concentration) and MIC90 (minimum inhibitory concentration causing a 90% growth inhibition) values. Moreover, an in vivo germination test showed no major reduction in seed germination when the substances were applied as seed treatment. A rapid molecular screening method has been developed, through real-time PCR, for the specific quantification of Cmm in the presence of a vegetable matrix to test in vivo the antimicrobial efficacy of oregano and cinnamon oil on seed treatment without resorting to whole plant essays, which are time- and space-consuming.
亚种（史密斯）戴维斯等人（Cmm）以及矢吹等人（史密斯）（Rs）是番茄（）重要的种传细菌病原体，在欧洲和地中海植物保护组织（EPPO）区域被列为A2类有害生物。目前，控制这些病原体的策略很少，广泛鼓励采用生态友好型方法进行种子处理。在这项研究中，对牛至（）、大蒜（）、罗勒（）、肉桂（）、丁香芽（）、百里香（）的精油（EOs）以及提取物（Tve）进行了体外测试，以检测它们对Cmm和Rs的抗菌活性（肉汤微量稀释法）。所测试的精油和Tve提取物对细菌生长有显著抑制作用，其最小杀菌浓度（MBC）和最小抑菌浓度（导致90%生长抑制的MIC90）值很有前景。此外，体内发芽试验表明，当这些物质用作种子处理时，种子发芽率没有大幅降低。通过实时PCR开发了一种快速分子筛选方法，用于在存在蔬菜基质的情况下对Cmm进行特异性定量，以便在不采用耗时耗力的全株试验的情况下，在体内测试牛至油和肉桂油对种子处理的抗菌效果。
