Washif Jad Adrian, Pagaduan Jeffrey, James Carl, Dergaa Ismail, Beaven Christopher Martyn
Sports Performance Division, National Sports Institute of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Institute of Active Lifestyle, Palacký University Olomouc, Czech Republic.
Biol Sport. 2024 Mar;41(2):209-220. doi: 10.5114/biolsport.2024.132987. Epub 2023 Nov 20.
OpenAI's Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT) technology enables conversational interactions with applications across various fields, including sport. Here, ChatGPT's proficiency in designing a 12-week resistance training programme, following specific prompts, was investigated. GPT3.5 and GPT4.0 versions were requested to design 12-week resistance training programmes for male and female hypothetical subjects (20-years-old, no injury, and 'intermediate' resistance training experience). Subsequently, GPT4.0 was requested to design an 'advanced' training programme for the same profiles. The proposed training programmes were compared with established guidelines and literature (e.g., National Strength and Conditioning Association textbook), and discussed. ChatGPT suggested 12-week training programmes comprising three, 4-week phases, each with different objectives (e.g., hypertrophy/strength). GPT3.5 proposed a weekly frequency of ~3 sessions, load intensity of 70-85% of one repetition-maximum, repetition range of 4-8 (2-4 sets), and tempo of 2/0/2 (eccentric/pause/concentric/'pause'). GPT4.0 proposed intermediate- and advanced programme, with a frequency of 5 or 4 sessions, 60-90% or 70-95% intensity, 3-5 sets or 3-6 sets, 5-12 or 3-12 repetitions, respectively. GPT3.5 proposed rest intervals of 90-120 s, and exercise tempo of 2/0/2. GPT4.0 proposed 60-180 (intermediate) or 60-300 s (advanced), with exercise tempo of 2/1/2 for intermediates, and 3/0/1/0, 2/0/1/0, and 1/0/1/0 for advanced programmes. All derived programmes were objectively similar regardless of sex. ChatGPT generated training programmes which likely require additional fine-tuning before application. GPT4.0 synthesised more information than GPT3.5 in response to the prompt, and demonstrated recognition awareness of training experience (intermediate vs advanced). ChatGPT may serve as a complementary tool for writing 'draft' programme, but likely requires human expertise to maximise training programme effectiveness.
OpenAI的聊天生成预训练变换器（ChatGPT）技术能够与包括体育在内的各个领域的应用程序进行对话交互。在此，研究了ChatGPT根据特定提示设计为期12周的抗阻训练计划的能力。要求GPT3.5和GPT4.0版本为假设的男性和女性受试者（20岁，无损伤，有“中级”抗阻训练经验）设计为期12周的抗阻训练计划。随后，要求GPT4.0为相同的受试者设计一个“高级”训练计划。将提议的训练计划与既定的指南和文献（如美国国家体能协会教科书）进行比较并讨论。ChatGPT建议的为期12周的训练计划包括三个4周阶段，每个阶段有不同的目标（如肥大/力量）。GPT3.5提出的每周训练频率约为3次，负荷强度为一次重复最大值的70-85%，重复次数范围为4-8次（2-4组），节奏为2/0/2（离心/暂停/向心/“暂停”）。GPT4.0提出了中级和高级训练计划，频率分别为5次或4次，强度分别为60-90%或70-95%，组数分别为3-5组或3-6组，重复次数分别为5-12次或3-12次。GPT3.5提出的休息间隔为90-120秒，运动节奏为2/0/2。GPT4.0提出的休息间隔为60-180秒（中级）或60-300秒（高级），中级训练计划的运动节奏为2/1/2，高级训练计划的运动节奏为3/0/1/0、2/0/1/0和1/0/1/0。无论性别如何，所有得出的训练计划在客观上都相似。ChatGPT生成的训练计划在应用前可能需要进一步微调。GPT4.0在回复提示时比GPT3.5综合了更多信息，并表现出对训练经验（中级与高级）的识别意识。ChatGPT可以作为编写“草稿”计划的辅助工具，但可能需要人类专业知识来最大化训练计划的有效性。
