Zhao Bo, Hu Xiuli, Chen Lu, Wu Xin, Wang Donghui, Wang Hongshui, Liang Chunyong
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China.
Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2024 Mar 10;14(6):498. doi: 10.3390/nano14060498.
In the treatment of various cancers, photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been extensively studied as an effective therapeutic modality. As a potential alternative to conventional chemotherapy, PDT has been limited due to the low Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) yield of photosensitisers. Herein, a nanoplatform containing mesoporous FeO@TiO microspheres was developed for near-infrared (NIR)-light-enhanced chemodynamical therapy (CDT) and PDT. Titanium dioxide (TiO) has been shown to be a very effective PDT agent; however, the hypoxic tumour microenvironment partly affects its in vivo PDT efficacy. A peroxidase-like enzyme, FeO, catalyses the decomposition of HO in the cytoplasm to produce O, helping overcome tumour hypoxia and increase ROS production in response to PDT. Moreover, Fe in FeO could catalyse HO decomposition to produce cytotoxic hydroxyl radicals within tumour cells, which would result in tumour CDT. The photonic hyperthermia of FeO@TiO could not only directly damage the tumour but also improve the efficiency of CDT from FeO. Cancer-killing effectiveness has been maximised by successfully loading the chemotherapeutic drug DOX, which can be released efficiently using NIR excitation and slight acidification. Moreover, the nanoplatform has high saturation magnetisation (20 emu/g), making it suitable for magnetic targeting. The in vitro results show that the FeO@TiO/DOX nanoplatforms exhibited good biocompatibility as well as synergetic effects against tumours in combination with CDT/PDT/PTT/chemotherapy.
在各种癌症的治疗中，光动力疗法（PDT）作为一种有效的治疗方式已得到广泛研究。作为传统化疗的一种潜在替代方法，由于光敏剂的活性氧（ROS）产率低，PDT受到了限制。在此，开发了一种包含介孔FeO@TiO微球的纳米平台，用于近红外（NIR）光增强化学动力学疗法（CDT）和PDT。二氧化钛（TiO）已被证明是一种非常有效的PDT剂；然而，缺氧的肿瘤微环境部分影响其体内PDT疗效。一种类过氧化物酶，FeO，催化细胞质中H₂O₂的分解以产生O₂，有助于克服肿瘤缺氧并增加对PDT的ROS产生。此外，FeO中的Fe可以催化H₂O₂分解，在肿瘤细胞内产生细胞毒性羟基自由基，这将导致肿瘤CDT。FeO@TiO的光子热疗不仅可以直接损伤肿瘤，还可以提高FeO的CDT效率。通过成功负载化疗药物阿霉素（DOX）使抗癌效果最大化，DOX可以利用近红外激发和轻微酸化有效释放。此外，该纳米平台具有高饱和磁化强度（20 emu/g），使其适用于磁靶向。体外结果表明，FeO@TiO/DOX纳米平台表现出良好的生物相容性，以及与CDT/PDT/PTT/化疗联合对肿瘤的协同作用。
