Dos Santos-Silva Aline Cristini, Saraiva Bianka Rocha, Lazzari Anderson, Dos Santos Henrique, de Oliveira Évelin Lemos, Sato Francielle, Meurer Eduardo César, Matumoto-Pintro Paula Toshimi
Food Science Graduate Program, State University of Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil.
Animal Science Graduate Program, State University of Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil.
Foods. 2024 Mar 15;13(6):894. doi: 10.3390/foods13060894.
Asparagus production generates significant amounts of by-products during the summer and post-harvest growth period. By-products can be good sources of nutrients and phytochemicals. The interest in increasing the availability of proteins for human consumption has led to the use of new plant sources rich in proteins. The objective of this study was to use response surface methodology (RSM) to optimize the aqueous extraction process of proteins from asparagus leafy by-products, for the production of new protein ingredients. The optimum extraction condition was at pH 9, with 40 min of extraction at 50 °C, and the concentration was fixed at 5 g·L. The isolate obtained presented 90.48% protein with 43.47% protein yield. Amino acids such as alanine, proline, valine, leucine/isoleucine, asparagine, and phenylalanine were identified, and the antioxidant activity for 2,2 AZINO BIS (3-ethylbenzo thiazoline 6 sulfonic acid diammonium salt) was 145.76 equivalent to Trolox μmol.100g and for DPPH 65.21 equivalent to Trolox μmol.100g. The product presented favorable technological properties (water absorption capacity 4.49 g·g and oil absorption capacity 3.47 g·g) and the color tended towards dark green (L* 31.91, a* -1.01, b* -2.11). The protein isolate obtained through the extraction optimization process showed high potential to be used as a protein ingredient.
芦笋生产在夏季和收获后生长期间会产生大量副产品。副产品可以是营养物质和植物化学物质的良好来源。人们对增加可供人类食用的蛋白质的兴趣促使人们使用富含蛋白质的新植物来源。本研究的目的是使用响应面法（RSM）优化从芦笋叶状副产品中提取蛋白质的水提取工艺，以生产新的蛋白质成分。最佳提取条件为pH 9，在50℃下提取40分钟，浓度固定为5 g·L。得到的分离物蛋白质含量为90.48%，蛋白质产率为43.47%。鉴定出了丙氨酸、脯氨酸、缬氨酸、亮氨酸/异亮氨酸、天冬酰胺和苯丙氨酸等氨基酸，2,2-联氮-双-（3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸）二铵盐的抗氧化活性为145.76 μmol Trolox当量·100g，二苯基苦味酰基自由基（DPPH）的抗氧化活性为65.21 μmol Trolox当量·100g。该产品具有良好的工艺性能（吸水能力4.49 g·g和吸油能力3.47 g·g），颜色倾向于深绿色（L* 31.91，a* -1.01，b* -2.11）。通过提取优化过程获得的蛋白质分离物显示出作为蛋白质成分使用的高潜力。
