Research Institute of Applied Biotechnology, A. Baitursynov Kostanay Regional University, Kostanay, Republic of Kazakhstan.
Department of Veterinary Sanitation, A. Baitursynov Kostanay Regional University, Kostanay, Republic of Kazakhstan.
Open Vet J. 2024 Feb;14(2):604-616. doi: 10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i2.1. Epub 2024 Feb 29.
An increasing number of drugs are used each year in the treatment of small pets (cats and dogs), including medicines (cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones) used in human therapy.
The purpose of this study was to isolate and explore the antibiotic resistance of opportunistic Enterobacteriaceae (, ) from cats and dogs, and to isolate resistance genes in the microorganisms.
In 2021, 808 samples of biological material from small domestic animals were collected in veterinary clinics in Kostanay. From these, 210 microorganisms were isolated and identified.
A large majority of the strains sampled belonged to 149 (70.9%), 11 (5.2%), 28 (13.3%), 12 (5.7%) and 10 isolates (4.8%). In all isolates identified, antibiotic resistance/sensitivity was determined by disc-diffusion method to ampicillin, cefoxitin, gentamicin, levomycetin, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, cefoperazone, cefpodoxime, streptomycin, kanamycin, doxycycline, gemifloxacin, nalidixic acid, furazolidone, furadonine, amoxicillin, and enrofloxacin.
The study has demonstrated that the greatest number of Enterobacteriaceae were sensitive to the action of meropenem, which belongs to the group of beta-lactam antibiotics; resistance was demonstrated against tetracycline, doxycycline, ampicillin, amoxicillin, ofloxacin, and cefpodoxime. The most common genes encoding antimicrobial resistance were as follows: BlaTEM and OXA in 41 and 28 isolates, respectively, encoding resistance to beta-lactams; StrA and StrB in 45 and 48 isolates encoding aminoglycosides; and tetA and tetB in 43 and 28 isolates encoding tetracyclines. Obtained data demonstrate that uncontrolled and frequent use of beta-lactam and tetracycline antibacterials, in cats and dogs, results in the spread of genotypic resistance among micro-organisms of the family
每年用于治疗小宠物（猫和狗）的药物数量都在增加，包括用于人类治疗的药物（头孢菌素和氟喹诺酮类药物）。
本研究旨在从猫和狗中分离和探索机会性肠杆菌科（）的抗生素耐药性，并分离微生物中的耐药基因。
2021 年，在科斯塔奈的兽医诊所收集了 808 份小宠物生物样本。从中分离出 210 株微生物并进行鉴定。
绝大多数采样菌株属于 149 株（70.9%）、11 株（5.2%）、28 株（13.3%）、12 株（5.7%）和 10 株（4.8%）。在所鉴定的所有菌株中，通过纸片扩散法确定了对氨苄西林、头孢西丁、庆大霉素、左旋霉素、四环素、环丙沙星、诺氟沙星、氧氟沙星、头孢哌酮、头孢泊肟、链霉素、卡那霉素、强力霉素、加替沙星、萘啶酸、呋喃唑酮、呋喃妥因、阿莫西林和恩诺沙星的抗生素耐药性/敏感性。
研究表明，最多数量的肠杆菌科对属于β-内酰胺类抗生素的美罗培南作用敏感；对四环素、强力霉素、氨苄西林、阿莫西林、氧氟沙星和头孢泊肟耐药。编码抗菌耐药性的最常见基因如下：41 株和 28 株分别编码对β-内酰胺类药物的耐药性的 blaTEM 和 OXA；45 株和 48 株分别编码对氨基糖苷类药物的 StrA 和 StrB；43 株和 28 株分别编码对四环素类药物的 tetA 和 tetB。获得的数据表明，在猫和狗中，β-内酰胺类和四环素类抗菌药物的不受控制和频繁使用导致了家族微生物中基因型耐药性的传播。
