Neupane Sagar Mani, Bhattarai Prakash C
Kathmandu University School of Education, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal.
Heliyon. 2024 Mar 20;10(7):e28410. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28410. eCollection 2024 Apr 15.
Higher entrepreneurial traits significantly increase the likelihood of graduate students venturing into entrepreneurship. This study intended to develop a scale for assessing the entrepreneurial traits of graduate students, recognizing a gap in existing literature and measurement tools predominantly developed for countries with conducive entrepreneurial climates. Aligned with Ajzen's theory of planned behavior, the study employed a modified Delphi method, including prototype development, two Delphi surveys, and subsequent statistical analyses. The robustness of the final items and scale in effectively capturing the entrepreneurial traits of graduate students is supported by descriptive statistical analyses ( ≤ 1.5, Interquartile Range ≤1, and Level of Agreement ≥70%), content validity analysis (I-CVI≥ 0.8, S-CVI/Ave = 0.92; S-CVI/UA = 0.4), and Kendall's Coefficient of Concordance analysis (2 (37, = 30) = 700.504, = 0.631, < 0.01). Ultimately, the scale comprises 38 items organized into three overarching thematic areas: life philosophy, creating and utilizing mindset, and supportive and motivating environment. Consistent with existing literature, entrepreneurial traits are intricately linked to individuals' life perspectives, often characterized by a desire for self-autonomy. Additionally, the ability to create or leverage available resources and the presence of a conducive external environment emerge as pivotal dimensions in entrepreneurial traits. Notably, the study highlights the critical influence of a country's environment and policies, mainly through university courses and short-term programs, in shaping the development of entrepreneurial traits.
较高的创业特质显著增加了研究生投身创业的可能性。本研究旨在开发一种评估研究生创业特质的量表，认识到现有文献和主要为创业环境有利的国家开发的测量工具存在差距。与阿杰恩的计划行为理论相一致，该研究采用了改进的德尔菲法，包括原型开发、两次德尔菲调查以及随后的统计分析。描述性统计分析（偏度≤1.5，四分位距≤1，一致程度≥70%）、内容效度分析（I-CVI≥0.8，S-CVI/Ave = 0.92；S-CVI/UA = 0.4）以及肯德尔和谐系数分析（卡方（37，N = 30）= 700.504，p = 0.631，p < 0.01）支持了最终项目和量表在有效捕捉研究生创业特质方面的稳健性。最终，该量表包括38个项目，分为三个总体主题领域：生活哲学、创造和利用思维模式以及支持和激励环境。与现有文献一致，创业特质与个人的生活观念密切相关，通常表现为对自我自主性的渴望。此外，创造或利用现有资源的能力以及有利的外部环境的存在成为创业特质的关键维度。值得注意的是，该研究强调了一个国家的环境和政策的关键影响，主要通过大学课程和短期项目，在塑造创业特质的发展方面。
