Wang Chenxu, Wang Xinrui, Liu Rui, Min Jiyang, Yang Xiaojun, Zhang Lixin
College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
Anim Biosci. 2024 Sep;37(9):1622-1634. doi: 10.5713/ab.23.0357. Epub 2024 Apr 1.
This study investigated the effects of Apidaecin Api-PR19 as feed additive on growth performance, intestinal health, and small intestinal microbiota of broilers.
A total of 360 1-d-old Arbor Acres broilers were randomly assigned to 3 groups with 6 replicates including control group with basal diet (CON), antibiotic growth promotor group with basal plus 10 mg/kg colistin sulfate and 50 mg/kg roxarsone (AGP), and antibacterial peptide group with basal diet plus 330 mg/kg Apidaecin Api-PR19 (ABP). The trial lasted 35 d.
Results showed that dietary Api-PR19 addition increased (p<0.05) the average daily feed intake, average daily gain and decreased (p<0.05) feed conversion ratio (FCR) during 1 to 21 d compared with the CON group. The digestibility of dry matter and crude protein were higher in AGP and ABP groups (p<0.05) where greater trypsin activity was detected in duodenum (p<0.05). The ratio of villus height to crypt depth (V/C) in duodenum and jejunum was increased at 35 d when broilers were given diets with ABP or AGP (p<0.05). Besides, ABP treatments up-regulated (p<0.05) the mRNA expression of EAAT3, GLUT2, ZO-1, and Claudin-1 in duodenum of broilers at 35 d of age. The results of immunohistochemistry showed that ABP treatment significantly increased (p<0.05) duodenal secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) content. In addition, 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that there were differences in the intestinal microbiota diversity and composition among three groups. Notably, the linear discriminant analysis effect size showed that p_Firmicutes, g_Enterococcus, g_Carnobacterium, g_Kitasatospora, and g_Acidaminococcus were dominant in ABP group. Redundancy analysis showed that these changes in gut microbiota in ABP group had correlation with growth performance, intestinal morphology, and content of sIgA.
In general, these results indicated that dietary 330 mg/kg Apidaecin Api-PR19 supplementation promoted growth performance of broilers by improving intestinal development, nutrients absorption, immune function and modulating intestinal microbiota.
本研究探讨了天蚕抗菌肽Api-PR19作为饲料添加剂对肉鸡生长性能、肠道健康和小肠微生物群的影响。
将360只1日龄的艾维茵肉鸡随机分为3组，每组6个重复，包括基础日粮对照组（CON）、基础日粮加10 mg/kg硫酸黏菌素和50 mg/kg洛克沙胂的抗生素生长促进剂组（AGP），以及基础日粮加330 mg/kg天蚕抗菌肽Api-PR19的抗菌肽组（ABP）。试验持续35天。
结果表明，与CON组相比，在1至21日龄期间，日粮中添加Api-PR19可提高（p<0.05）平均日采食量、平均日增重，并降低（p<0.05）料重比（FCR）。AGP组和ABP组的干物质和粗蛋白消化率较高（p<0.05），十二指肠中胰蛋白酶活性更高（p<0.05）。在35日龄时，给肉鸡饲喂含ABP或AGP的日粮，十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度与隐窝深度之比（V/C）增加（p<0.05）。此外，ABP处理上调了（p<0.05）35日龄肉鸡十二指肠中EAAT3、GLUT2、ZO-1和Claudin-1的mRNA表达。免疫组化结果表明，ABP处理显著增加了（p<0.05）十二指肠分泌型免疫球蛋白A（sIgA）含量。此外，16S rRNA基因测序显示，三组之间肠道微生物群的多样性和组成存在差异。值得注意的是，线性判别分析效应大小显示，p_厚壁菌门、g_肠球菌属、g_肉杆菌属、g_北里孢菌属和g_氨基酸球菌属在ABP组中占主导地位。冗余分析表明，ABP组肠道微生物群的这些变化与生长性能、肠道形态和sIgA含量相关。
总体而言，这些结果表明，日粮中添加330 mg/kg天蚕抗菌肽Api-PR19可通过改善肠道发育、营养物质吸收、免疫功能和调节肠道微生物群来促进肉鸡的生长性能。
