Ecole Inter-Etats des Sciences et Médecine Vétérinaires, Dakar, Senegal.
Centre Suisse de Recherche Scientifique en Côte d'Ivoire, Abidjan, Ivory Coast.
Vet Med Sci. 2024 May;10(3):e1446. doi: 10.1002/vms3.1446.
Cross-border livestock mobility through transhumance is mainly practiced in West African countries for seasonal access to resources and market. Cross-border herds are involved in the dynamic of transboundary animal diseases among them brucellosis taken as model. Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease causing abortion.
This study explores the seroprevalence of brucellosis according to mobility and infection spread between Mali and Côte d'Ivoire in the context of seasonal cross-border transhumance.
From February to April 2021, a transversal serological survey of brucellosis was conducted on 521 cattle from 111 transhumant herds and 283 cattle from 59 sedentary herds, all from Mali.
The global individual seroprevalence for Brucella spp. in transhumant and sedentary cattle from Mali was 8.2% (95% CI = 6.0-10.5). At herd level, seroprevalence was 21.2% with a significant variation between transhumant (11.7%) and sedentary (39.0%) herds. For herds in transhumance, cattle seropositivity was associated with a previous infection suspected by herdsmen odds ratio (OR = 4.4; 95% CI = 1.1-18.1) and unknown abortion aetiology (OR = 4.3; 95% CI = 1.0-17.3). The departure region (coming from Sikasso) and previous brucellosis infection or unexplained abortion could be used to predict Brucella infection in transhumant herds with a probability of around 60%. The risk of brucellosis introduction in host regions was high despite the individual animal seroprevalence of 3.6% and a low sale rate in transhumant cattle.
The findings suggest that testing transhumant during border control and survey of cattle markets and sales could improve risk control of the spread of disease at regional scale.
跨境牲畜通过游牧进行移动主要在西非国家进行，以季节性获取资源和市场。跨境畜群参与了其中布鲁氏菌病等动物传染病的传播。布鲁氏菌病是一种人畜共患疾病，可导致流产。
本研究根据马里和科特迪瓦之间季节性跨境游牧的移动性和感染传播情况，探讨布鲁氏菌病的血清流行率。
2021 年 2 月至 4 月，对来自马里的 111 个游牧群的 521 头牛和 59 个定居群的 283 头牛进行了布鲁氏菌病的横断面血清学调查。
来自马里的游牧和定居牛群中布鲁氏菌属个体血清流行率为 8.2%（95%CI=6.0-10.5）。在群体水平上，血清流行率为 21.2%，游牧（11.7%）和定居（39.0%）群体之间存在显著差异。对于游牧群体中的牛群，牛群的血清阳性与牧民怀疑的先前感染相关（优势比[OR]=4.4；95%CI=1.1-18.1）和未知的流产病因（OR=4.3；95%CI=1.0-17.3）。出发地区（来自锡卡索）以及先前的布鲁氏菌感染或不明原因的流产可以用来预测游牧牛群中的布鲁氏菌感染，其概率约为 60%。尽管个体动物的血清流行率为 3.6%，且游牧牛的销售率较低，但在宿主地区引入布鲁氏菌病的风险仍然很高。
研究结果表明，在边境管制和牛群市场及销售调查中对游牧动物进行检测，可以改善疾病传播的风险控制，以达到区域范围的效果。
