新冠疫苗讨论网络中的两极分化现象

Polarization in COVID-19 Vaccine Discussion Networks.

作者信息

Amlani Sharif, Kiesel Spencer, Butters Ross

机构信息

Department of Political Science, UC Davis, CA, USA.

出版信息

Am Polit Res. 2023 Mar;51(2):260-273. doi: 10.1177/1532673X221148670. Epub 2023 Jan 2.

Abstract

The emergence of COVID-19 spurred the fastest development of a vaccine in history. Yet, a large proportion of Americans remain hesitant to receive it. Our paper investigates how the social networks we inhabit might explain persistent vaccine hesitancy. We argue that the COVID-19 vaccination status of respondents' closest associates inhibits or motivates their decision to receive a COVID-19 vaccine. To test our argument, we conduct an original survey asking respondents a battery of questions about the people with whom individuals most frequently discuss vaccines and COVID-19. Our survey reports that individuals' discussion networks are polarized by vaccination status. Concurrently, there is a strong association between the social network's vaccination status and the respondent's vaccination status. This association is so robust that partisanship does not moderate the association between discussants' vaccination status and respondents' vaccination status. Together, our results imply that unvaccinated individuals remain hesitant because they face reinforcing social pressure from their closest associates. The unique timing of our survey, during an unprecedented vaccination campaign against a novel disease, offers a snapshot of how relationships may affect attitudes.

摘要

新冠疫情的出现促使了历史上疫苗研发速度最快的一次发展。然而,很大一部分美国人仍然对接种疫苗犹豫不决。我们的论文探讨了我们所处的社交网络如何解释持续存在的疫苗犹豫现象。我们认为,受访者最亲密的社交圈成员的新冠疫苗接种状况会抑制或激发他们接种新冠疫苗的决定。为了验证我们的观点,我们开展了一项原创调查,询问受访者一系列关于他们最常与哪些人讨论疫苗和新冠疫情的问题。我们的调查显示,个人的讨论网络因疫苗接种状况而两极分化。与此同时,社交网络的疫苗接种状况与受访者的疫苗接种状况之间存在着紧密的关联。这种关联非常稳固,以至于党派归属并不会缓和讨论对象的疫苗接种状况与受访者的疫苗接种状况之间的关联。综合来看,我们的研究结果表明,未接种疫苗的人之所以仍然犹豫不决,是因为他们受到来自最亲密社交圈成员的强化性社会压力。我们的调查是在针对一种新型疾病开展史无前例的疫苗接种运动期间进行的,这一独特时机展现了人际关系如何可能影响态度的一个缩影。

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