Alito Angelo, Fontana Jacopo Maria, Franzini Tibaldeo Eleonora, Verme Federica, Piterà Paolo, Miller Elzbieta, Cremascoli Riccardo, Brioschi Andrea, Capodaglio Paolo
Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy.
IRCCS, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Orthopedic Rehabilitation Unit, Research Laboratory in Biomechanics and Rehabilitation, San Giuseppe Hospital, Piancavallo, 28921 Verbania, Italy.
J Clin Med. 2024 Mar 29;13(7):2003. doi: 10.3390/jcm13072003.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common cause of non-traumatic long-term disability in young adults. Whole-body cryostimulation (WBC) is a cold-based physical therapy known to induce physiological exercise-mimicking changes in the cardiovascular, neuromuscular, immune, and endocrine systems and to influence functional and psychological parameters by exposing the human body to cryogenic temperatures (≤-110 °C) for 2-3 min. The purpose of this scoping review is to present an overall view on the potential role of WBC as an adjuvant therapy in the treatment of MS. PubMed, ScienceDirect, Embase, and Web of Science were searched up to 30 November 2023, and a total of 13 articles were included. WBC may have beneficial antioxidant effects as a short-term adjuvant treatment in MS. There were no significant changes in antioxidant enzymes, nitric oxide levels, metalloproteinase levels, blood counts, rheology, and biochemistry. WBC can lead to a reduction in fatigue and an improvement in functional status, with a significant effect on both mental and physical well-being. There were no reported adverse effects. The results suggest that WBC may complement therapeutic options for patients with MS, as the effects of cryogenic cold stimulation have been shown to activate antioxidant processes and improve functional status, mood, anxiety, and fatigue.
多发性硬化症（MS）是年轻成年人非创伤性长期残疾的最常见原因。全身冷冻刺激（WBC）是一种基于寒冷的物理疗法，已知通过将人体暴露于低温（≤-110°C）2 - 3分钟，可在心血管、神经肌肉、免疫和内分泌系统中诱导类似运动的生理变化，并影响功能和心理参数。本范围综述的目的是全面阐述WBC作为辅助疗法在MS治疗中的潜在作用。截至2023年11月30日，检索了PubMed、ScienceDirect、Embase和Web of Science，共纳入13篇文章。WBC作为MS的短期辅助治疗可能具有有益的抗氧化作用。抗氧化酶、一氧化氮水平、金属蛋白酶水平、血细胞计数、流变学和生物化学方面均无显著变化。WBC可导致疲劳减轻和功能状态改善，对心理和身体健康均有显著影响。未报告有不良反应。结果表明，WBC可能为MS患者补充治疗选择，因为低温冷刺激的效果已被证明可激活抗氧化过程并改善功能状态、情绪、焦虑和疲劳。
