Nori Wassan, Akeel Salman Dina
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq.
Gynecol Obstet Clin Med. 2023 Jun;3(2):88-93. doi: 10.1016/j.gocm.2023.04.001. Epub 2023 Apr 27.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) predilection for angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors allows its entrance and replication; however, they are not biochemically required for viral fusion into the cell membrane. Testicular tissue has abundant ACE2 receptors, making it a target for the COVID-19 virus. Seminal fluid parameters are measures of male fertility. Changes in semen parameters have been caused by coronavirus disease and vaccines. Some attribute that effect to direct hematogenic spread to the testis; others propose that the excessive immunological response triggered by the infection causes a deleterious effect. An unsubstantiated claim questioned whether the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine could trigger an unintentional immunological response that would impair male fertility once receiving the vaccine. Extensive research confirms the transient nature of those changes that affect sperm motility and count with full recovery post-COVID-19 infection and after vaccination. The vaccine's safety was reaffirmed; however, there are currently no recommendations for screening sperm donors. Research is warranted to guarantee the safety of couples undergoing assisted reproduction.
2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）对血管紧张素转换酶2（ACE2）受体的偏好使其能够进入并复制；然而，病毒融合到细胞膜中在生化方面并不需要这些受体。睾丸组织有丰富的ACE2受体，使其成为COVID-19病毒的目标。精液参数是男性生育能力的指标。冠状病毒病和疫苗已导致精液参数发生变化。一些人将这种影响归因于通过血液直接传播到睾丸；另一些人则认为感染引发的过度免疫反应会产生有害影响。一项未经证实的说法质疑，严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）疫苗在接种后是否会引发意外的免疫反应，从而损害男性生育能力。广泛的研究证实，这些影响精子活力和数量的变化是暂时的，在COVID-19感染后和接种疫苗后会完全恢复。疫苗的安全性得到了重申；然而，目前没有对精子捐献者进行筛查的建议。有必要进行研究以确保接受辅助生殖的夫妇的安全。
