Key Laboratory of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine in Zhejiang Province, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310015, China.
The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325200, China.
J Nanobiotechnology. 2024 Apr 15;22(1):182. doi: 10.1186/s12951-024-02462-z.
Hydrogels are a class of highly absorbent and easily modified polymer materials suitable for use as slow-release carriers for drugs. Gene therapy is highly specific and can overcome the limitations of traditional tissue engineering techniques and has significant advantages in tissue repair. However, therapeutic genes are often affected by cellular barriers and enzyme sensitivity, and carrier loading of therapeutic genes is essential. Therapeutic gene hydrogels can well overcome these difficulties. Moreover, gene-therapeutic hydrogels have made considerable progress. This review summarizes the recent research on carrier gene hydrogels for the treatment of tissue damage through a summary of the most current research frontiers. We initially introduce the classification of hydrogels and their cross-linking methods, followed by a detailed overview of the types and modifications of therapeutic genes, a detailed discussion on the loading of therapeutic genes in hydrogels and their characterization features, a summary of the design of hydrogels for therapeutic gene release, and an overview of their applications in tissue engineering. Finally, we provide comments and look forward to the shortcomings and future directions of hydrogels for gene therapy. We hope that this article will provide researchers in related fields with more comprehensive and systematic strategies for tissue engineering repair and further promote the development of the field of hydrogels for gene therapy.
水凝胶是一类高吸水性且易于修饰的聚合物材料，适合用作药物的缓控释载体。基因治疗具有高度的特异性，可以克服传统组织工程技术的局限性，在组织修复方面具有显著优势。然而，治疗性基因常常受到细胞屏障和酶敏感性的影响，因此需要对治疗性基因进行载体加载。治疗性基因水凝胶可以很好地克服这些困难。此外，基因治疗水凝胶已经取得了相当大的进展。本综述通过总结最前沿的研究，概述了用于治疗组织损伤的载体基因水凝胶的最新研究进展。我们首先介绍了水凝胶的分类及其交联方法，然后详细介绍了治疗性基因的类型和修饰，深入讨论了治疗性基因在水凝胶中的负载及其特征描述，总结了治疗性基因释放的水凝胶设计，并概述了其在组织工程中的应用。最后，我们对基因治疗用水凝胶的缺点和未来方向进行了评价和展望。我们希望本文能为相关领域的研究人员提供更全面、更系统的组织工程修复策略，并进一步推动基因治疗水凝胶领域的发展。
