Nwachukwu Ogochukwu I, Debeliso Mark, Lawrence Marcus M
Department of Kinesiology and Outdoor Recreation, Southern Utah University, Cedar City, UT, USA.
Int J Exerc Sci. 2024 Jan 1;17(6):99-114. doi: 10.70252/DPLH4627. eCollection 2024.
No study has assessed supramaximal (over 100% 1RM) back squat variations as a potentiating stimulus in collegiate throwers. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that a supramaximal Anderson (bottom-up) quarter squat potentiating stimulus would improve discus throw performance in Division I throwers compared to a dynamic warm-up alone. Nine NCAA division I thrower athletes (age: 20.1±1.4 years; 1RM back squat/body weight: 2.5±0.4 kg) randomly completed two sessions separated by at least 72 hours. One session involved a standardized dynamic warm-up alone (DyWU) followed by three trials of maximal discus throwing. The other session involved a dynamic warm-up with a supramaximal (105% 1RM) Anderson (bottom-up) quarter-squat set of 5 repetitions post activation performance enhancement stimulus (DyWU+PAPE) followed by three trials of maximal discus throwing. A two-way (warm-up strategy x time) ANOVA with repeated measures for each time point was used, with significance set at p< 0.05. There were no significant (p> 0.05) differences between DyWU alone versus DyWU+PAPE stimulus for discus throw distances at either 8 min. (31.7±5.6 vs 30.6±6.5 meters, respectively; = -0.18), 11 min. (33.4±3.6 vs 31.3±4.7 meters, respectively; = -0.52), or 14 min. post warm-up (34.1±3.9 vs 32.3±5.3 meters, respectively; = -0.40). Compared to a dynamic warm-up alone, supramaximal Anderson quarter-squats following a dynamic warm-up had trivial/small to moderate detrimental effects on discus throw performance between 8-14 minutes post stimuli in Division I trained throwers, likely due to excess fatigue/PAPE inhibition.
尚无研究评估超最大强度（超过100% 1RM）的后深蹲变式作为大学投掷运动员的强化刺激。本研究的目的是检验以下假设：与单独进行动态热身相比，超最大强度的安德森（自下而上）四分之一深蹲强化刺激将提高一级投掷运动员的铁饼投掷成绩。九名美国大学生体育协会一级投掷运动员（年龄：20.1±1.4岁；1RM后深蹲/体重：2.5±0.4 kg）随机完成两个至少间隔72小时的训练课。一个训练课仅包括标准化的动态热身（DyWU），随后进行三次最大铁饼投掷测试。另一个训练课包括动态热身以及在激活后增强表现刺激（DyWU+PAPE）下进行一组5次重复的超最大强度（105% 1RM）安德森（自下而上）四分之一深蹲，随后进行三次最大铁饼投掷测试。对每个时间点采用重复测量的双向（热身策略x时间）方差分析，显著性设定为p<0.05。在8分钟（分别为31.7±5.6米和30.6±6.5米；t = -0.18）、11分钟（分别为33.4±3.6米和31.3±4.7米；t = -0.52）或热身14分钟后（分别为34.1±3.9米和32.3±5.3米；t = -0.40），单独的DyWU与DyWU+PAPE刺激在铁饼投掷距离上均无显著（p>0.05）差异。与单独进行动态热身相比，在一级训练的投掷运动员中，动态热身之后进行超最大强度的安德森四分之一深蹲在刺激后8 - 14分钟对铁饼投掷成绩有轻微/小到中等程度的不利影响，可能是由于过度疲劳/后激活增强效应抑制。
