Pedobacter rhodius sp. nov. and Pedobacter punctiformis sp. nov., isolated from soil.

Two Gram-staining negative, catalase- and oxidase-positive, pinkish-colored and rod-shaped strains, designated SJ11 and HCMS5-2, were isolated from soil in South Korea. The growth of strain SJ11 was observed from 15℃ to 35℃ (optimum, 30℃), from pH 6.0 to 11.0 (optimum, pH 6.0-7.0) and with NaCl 0-1% (w/v) (optimum, 0%) and that of strain HCMS5-2 was observed from 4℃ to 40℃ (optimum, 25℃), from pH 6.0 to pH 8.0 (optimum, pH 7.0) and with NaCl 0-5% (w/v) (optimum, 0-1%). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that both strains belonged to the genus Pedobacter. Strain SJ11 had the highest 16S rRNA similarities with Pedobacter jejuensis THG-DR3 (98.5%) and strain HCMS5-2 had the highest similarities with Pedobacter nototheniae 36B243 (98.7%). The digital DNA-DNA hybridization value of strain SJ11 with Pedobacter jejuensis THG-DR3 was 23.6%, with an average nucleotide identity value of 79.6%, and that of strain HCMS5-2 with Pedobacter nototheniae 36B243 was 26.4%, with an average nucleotide identity value of 83.1%. The predominant cellular fatty acids (> 10%) of SJ11 and HCMS5-2 were iso-C, summed feature 3 (comprising Cω7c and/or Cω6c) and iso-C 3-OH. The genome size of strain SJ11 was approximately 4.7 Mb with a G + C content of 37.7% and that of strain HCMS5-2 was approximately 4.1 Mb with a G + C content of 36.4%. The major polar lipid and respiratory quinone of SJ11 and HCMS5-2 were phosphatidylethanolamine and menaquinone NK-7, respectively. Results of this study showed that strains SJ11 and HCMS5-2 belonged to the genus Pedobacter as novel species, of which the name Pedobacter rhodius sp. nov., with the type strain SJ11 (= KACC 22884 = TBRC 16597) and Pedobacter punctiformis sp. nov., with the type strain HCMS5-2 (= KACC 22863 = TBRC 16598) were respectively proposed.