Guarnieri Renzo, Reda Rodolfo, Di Nardo Dario, Pagnoni Francesco, Zanza Alessio, Testarelli Luca
Private Periodontal Implant Practice, 31100 Treviso, Italy.
Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
J Pers Med. 2024 Mar 25;14(4):342. doi: 10.3390/jpm14040342.
The aim of the current study was to retrospectively investigate the prevalence of peri-implant mucositis (PIM) and peri-implantitis (P) in a long-term follow-up (≥20 years) of implants with the same body design and body surface but different collar surfaces with laser-microtextured grooves (LMGSs) vs. no laser-microtextured grooves (no-LMGSs) in private practice patients. Furthermore, several patient-related, implant-related, site-, surgical-, and prosthesis-related potential disease risk factors were analyzed. A chart review of patients receiving at least one pair of implants (one with an LMGS and the other without LMGS) in the period 1993-2002 was used. Chi-square analysis was used to determine if a statistically significant difference between the investigated variables and PIM/P was present. Possible risk factors were statistically evaluated by a binary logistic regression analysis. A total of 362 patients with 901 implant-supported restorations (438 with LMGS and 463 no-LMGS) were included in the study. The cumulative survival rates of implants at 5, 10, 15, and 20 years were 98.1%, 97.4%, 95.4%, and 89.8%, respectively, for the LMGS group, and 93.2%, 91.6%, 89.5%, and 78.3% for the no-LMGS group. The difference was statistically significant at all timepoints ( < 0.05). In total, at the end of the follow-up period, 45.7% of patients and 39.8% of implants presented PIM, and 15.6% of patients and 14% of implants presented P. A total of 164 LMGS implants (37.4%) and 195 no-LMGS implants (42.1%) presented peri-implant mucositis, while 28 (6.3%) of LMGS implants and 98 (21.1%) no-LMGS implants demonstrated peri-implantitis. Differences between LMGS implants and no-LMGS implants were statistically significant ( < 0.05). The binary logistic regression identified collar surface, cigarette smoking, histories of treated periodontitis, and lack of peri-implant maintenance as risk factors for P. After at least 20 years of function in patients followed privately, LMGS implants compared to no-LMGS implants presented a statistically and significantly lower incidence of P. Implant collar surface, cigarette smoking, previously treated periodontitis, and lack of peri-implant maintenance are factors with significant association to P.
本研究的目的是回顾性调查在私人诊所患者中，对具有相同种植体主体设计和主体表面但不同颈部表面（有激光微纹理凹槽[LMGSs]与无激光微纹理凹槽[无LMGSs]）的种植体进行长期随访（≥20年）时种植体周围黏膜炎（PIM）和种植体周围炎（P）的患病率。此外，还分析了几个与患者、种植体、部位、手术和修复体相关的潜在疾病风险因素。采用对1993 - 2002年期间接受至少一对种植体（一个有LMGS，另一个无LMGS）的患者进行病历回顾的方法。采用卡方分析确定所研究变量与PIM/P之间是否存在统计学上的显著差异。通过二元逻辑回归分析对可能的风险因素进行统计学评估。本研究共纳入362例患者的901个种植体支持的修复体（438个有LMGS，463个无LMGS）。LMGS组种植体在5年、10年、15年和20年时的累积生存率分别为98.1%、97.4%、95.4%和89.8%，无LMGS组分别为93.2%、91.6%、89.5%和78.3%。在所有时间点差异均具有统计学意义（<0.05）。总体而言，在随访期结束时，45.7%的患者和39.8%的种植体出现了PIM，15.6%的患者和14%的种植体出现了P。共有164个（37.4%）有LMGS的种植体和195个（42.1%）无LMGS的种植体出现种植体周围黏膜炎，而28个（6.3%）有LMGS的种植体和98个（21.1%）无LMGS的种植体出现种植体周围炎。有LMGS的种植体与无LMGS的种植体之间的差异具有统计学意义（<0.05）。二元逻辑回归确定颈部表面、吸烟、治疗过的牙周炎病史以及缺乏种植体周围维护是种植体周围炎的风险因素。在对私人随访患者进行至少20年的功能观察后，与无LMGS的种植体相比，有LMGS的种植体种植体周围炎的发生率在统计学上显著更低。种植体颈部表面、吸烟、既往治疗过的牙周炎以及缺乏种植体周围维护是与种植体周围炎有显著关联的因素。
