Georgakopoulou Vasiliki Epameinondas, Lempesis Ioannis G, Sklapani Pagona, Trakas Nikolaos, Spandidos Demetrios A
Department of Pathophysiology, Laiko General Hospital, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.
Department of Biochemistry, Sismanogleio Hospital, 15126 Athens, Greece.
Med Int (Lond). 2024 Apr 12;4(4):31. doi: 10.3892/mi.2024.155. eCollection 2024 Jul-Aug.
In the realm of respiratory illnesses, despite the immense costs and efforts invested in diagnosis and treatment, numerous patients with chronic respiratory conditions or malignancies do not respond well to existing therapies. Delayed diagnoses and inadequate treatments contribute to these challenges, along with adverse reactions or treatment limitations due to side-effects. However, recent advancements in understanding respiratory diseases have paved the way for personalized medical treatments, considering individual genetic, molecular and environmental factors. Precision medicine, which accommodates individual differences in disease susceptibility and response to treatments, aims to improve patient care by aligning medical research with tailored therapies. Innovative technologies, such as genomic sequencing and biomarker identification contribute to this approach, allowing for customized treatments and the identification of effective therapies. Additionally, the application of precision medicine in lung cancer treatment exemplifies the forefront of individualized care within respiratory medicine. Several studies have explored the role of precision medicine in managing respiratory infectious diseases, asthma and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, aiming to categorize diseases more accurately and design targeted therapies. The ultimate goal is to enhance treatment effectiveness, minimize adverse events, and shift towards a patient-centered approach to managing respiratory conditions. Despite limitations, precision medicine holds promise for improving patient outcomes and emphasizing personalized care in respiratory medicine.
在呼吸系统疾病领域，尽管在诊断和治疗方面投入了巨大的成本和精力，但许多患有慢性呼吸道疾病或恶性肿瘤的患者对现有疗法反应不佳。诊断延迟和治疗不足加剧了这些挑战，同时还有副作用导致的不良反应或治疗局限性。然而，最近在理解呼吸系统疾病方面的进展为个性化医疗治疗铺平了道路，这种治疗考虑了个体的基因、分子和环境因素。精准医学适应疾病易感性和治疗反应的个体差异，旨在通过使医学研究与量身定制的疗法相结合来改善患者护理。基因组测序和生物标志物识别等创新技术有助于实现这种方法，从而实现定制治疗并确定有效的疗法。此外，精准医学在肺癌治疗中的应用体现了呼吸医学个性化护理的前沿水平。多项研究探讨了精准医学在管理呼吸道传染病、哮喘和特发性肺纤维化方面的作用，旨在更准确地对疾病进行分类并设计靶向疗法。最终目标是提高治疗效果，将不良事件降至最低，并转向以患者为中心的方法来管理呼吸道疾病。尽管存在局限性，但精准医学有望改善患者预后并强调呼吸医学中的个性化护理。
