Li Gen, Shi Wei, Gao Xing, Shi Xinyi, Feng Xiaoyu, Liang Di, Li Chunbo, Phillips Michael R, Hall Brian J
Center for Global Health Equity, New York University Shanghai, 1555 Century Avenue, Shanghai, China.
The Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, Sichuan University, No.24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, China.
Lancet Reg Health West Pac. 2022 Sep 5;45:100580. doi: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2022.100580. eCollection 2024 Apr.
Exposure to disasters and public health emergencies negatively affects mental health. Research documenting the psychosocial responses to these calamities in China increased dramatically after the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. However, there is no comprehensive assessment of the available literature on China's mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) responses to these events. This scoping review systematically maps existing published research and grey literature sources regarding MHPSS to disasters and emergencies in China. We examined relevant literature in English and Chinese from six databases and official websites from Jan 1, 2000, to Aug 13, 2021, and included 77 full-text records in this review. The main types of interventions reported included a) stepped care intervention models, b) individual structured psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy, c) mental health education, d) psychological counselling, and e) government-based policy interventions. Most interventions were evaluated using quantitative methods that assessed the treatment of common mental disorders. The review found that rapid national mobilization, emphasis on resilience-strengthening interventions, and the widespread use of step-care models were essential components of reducing the adverse psychosocial effects of disasters. The review also identified remaining gaps, including a) a lack of integration of disaster-related services with the pre-existing health care system, b) inadequate supervision of MHPSS providers, and c) limited monitoring and evaluation of the services provided. These results show where additional research is needed in China to improve mental health services. It also provides a framework that other countries can adapt when developing and evaluating MHPSS policies and plans in response to disasters.
遭受灾害和公共卫生突发事件会对心理健康产生负面影响。2008年汶川地震后，中国有关记录这些灾难对社会心理影响的研究急剧增加。然而，目前尚未对中国针对这些事件的心理健康和社会心理支持（MHPSS）方面的现有文献进行全面评估。本范围综述系统梳理了中国有关MHPSS应对灾害和突发事件的已发表研究及灰色文献来源。我们检索了2000年1月1日至2021年8月13日期间来自六个数据库及官方网站的英文和中文相关文献，本综述纳入了77篇全文记录。报告的主要干预类型包括：a）分级护理干预模式；b）个体结构化心理治疗和药物治疗；c）心理健康教育；d）心理咨询；e）基于政府的政策干预。大多数干预措施采用定量方法进行评估，这些方法用于评估常见精神障碍的治疗效果。该综述发现，国家迅速动员、强调增强复原力的干预措施以及广泛使用分级护理模式是减轻灾害对社会心理造成不利影响的重要组成部分。该综述还指出了尚存的差距，包括：a）灾害相关服务与现有医疗保健系统缺乏整合；b）对MHPSS服务提供者的监管不足；c）对所提供服务的监测和评估有限。这些结果表明了中国在哪些方面还需要开展更多研究以改善心理健康服务。它还提供了一个框架，其他国家在制定和评估应对灾害的MHPSS政策及计划时可以借鉴。
