Abebe Abel Tezera, Kebede Yabets Tesfaye, Mohammed Bekri Delil
School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Int J Hypertens. 2024 Apr 29;2024:6893267. doi: 10.1155/2024/6893267. eCollection 2024.
Over 1 billion people worldwide suffer from the common chronic medical condition of hypertension. A hypertensive crisis occurs when blood pressure exceeds 180/110 mmHg. Depending on whether the target organ is harmed, the situation may be presented as a hypertensive emergency or urgency.
To assess the prevalence and risk factors of patients with hypertensive crises who visited the Emergency Outpatient Department (EOPD) at Adama Hospital Medical College in Adama, Oromia, Ethiopia, between January 01 and August 31, 2021, G.C. . A cross-sectional, prospective study on the hypertensive crisis was conducted at Adama Hospital Medical College from January 01 to August 31, 2021, G.C. The data were collected using a standardized questionnaire, validated for completeness, and analyzed using SPSS. The findings were tabulated, and conclusions and recommendations were conveyed.
Out of 9,082 patients who visited the EOPD during the six-month period, 444 individuals with hypertensive crises were identified, representing a prevalence of 4.9%. Of these, 56.8% were men, resulting in a : ratio of 1.31 : 1. Those between the ages of 66 and 75 were the most affected. At presentation, 91.0% of the study participants were known hypertensive patients. Among the known hypertensive patients, the majority (34.9%) were known to have been hypertensive for 5-10 years. Of the known hypertensive patients, 48.6% were found to be adherent. Hypertensive urgency was discovered to be far more common than hypertensive emergencies (63.5% vs. 36.5%). Headache was the most common presenting symptom, and most patients (36.5%) presented to the health setup in less than 24 hours. The main risk variables identified were drug discontinuation, family history of hypertension, salt consumption, and alcohol usage. The main excuse for the lack of adherence was the cost of the medications. More than half of the patients do not have any additional comorbidities, and of those who do, diabetes mellitus is the most prevalent. A stroke was identified as a major complication. . Hypertensive crises are one of the most prevalent reasons for EOPD admission and are linked to significant consequences. At presentation, most of the study subjects were known hypertension patients. Diabetes mellitus was discovered to be a comorbid condition in one-quarter of them. Although more than half of the patients had improved, the death rate still remained high. Infrastructure and capacity building to provide hospitals with the requisite baseline investigations are among the government's recommendations. Health practitioners are expected to make improvements, such as by educating the public about the need for lifestyle changes and evaluating and managing any hypertension problems.
全球超过10亿人患有高血压这种常见的慢性疾病。当血压超过180/110 mmHg时，就会发生高血压危象。根据靶器官是否受到损害，这种情况可表现为高血压急症或亚急症。
评估2021年埃塞俄比亚奥罗米亚州阿达马市阿达马医院医学院急诊门诊部（EOPD）就诊的高血压危象患者的患病率及危险因素。在2021年1月1日至8月31日期间，于阿达马医院医学院对高血压危象进行了一项横断面前瞻性研究。使用标准化问卷收集数据，经有效性验证后，采用SPSS进行分析。将研究结果制成表格，并传达结论和建议。
在这六个月期间到急诊门诊部就诊的9082名患者中，确诊444例高血压危象患者，患病率为4.9%。其中，56.8%为男性，男女比例为1.31∶1。66至75岁年龄段的人受影响最大。就诊时，91.0%的研究参与者为已知高血压患者。在已知高血压患者中，大多数（34.9%）已知患高血压5至10年。在已知高血压患者中，48.6%被发现坚持治疗。发现高血压亚急症远比高血压急症常见（63.5%对36.5%）。头痛是最常见的就诊症状，大多数患者（36.5%）在不到24小时内就诊。确定的主要风险变量为停药、高血压家族史、食盐摄入和饮酒。不坚持治疗的主要原因是药物费用。超过一半的患者没有其他合并症，有合并症的患者中，糖尿病最为常见。中风被确定为主要并发症。高血压危象是急诊门诊部收治的最常见原因之一，且与严重后果相关。就诊时，大多数研究对象为已知高血压患者。发现四分之一的患者患有糖尿病合并症。尽管超过一半的患者病情有所改善，但死亡率仍然很高。政府建议进行基础设施建设和能力建设，为医院提供必要的基线检查。预计医疗从业人员要做出改进，比如通过向公众宣传生活方式改变必要性以及评估和管理任何高血压问题。
