Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 110062, India.
Cell Biochem Biophys. 2024 Jun;82(2):521-534. doi: 10.1007/s12013-024-01271-3. Epub 2024 May 10.
In normal and pathophysiological conditions our cells secrete vesicular bodies known as extracellular particles. Extracellular vesicles are lipid-bound extracellular particles. A majority of these extracellular vesicles are linked to cell-to-cell communication. Brain consists of tightly packed neural cells. Neural cell releases extracellular vesicles in cerebrospinal fluid. Extracellular vesicle mediated crosstalk maintains neural homeostasis in the central nervous system via transferring cargos between neural cells. In neurodegenerative diseases, small extracellular vesicle transfer misfolded proteins to healthy cells in the neural microenvironment. They can also cross blood-brain barrier (BBB) and stimulate peripheral immune response inside central nervous system. In today's world different approaches employ extracellular vesicle in various therapeutics. This review gives a brief knowledge about the biological relevance of extracellular vesicles in the central nervous system and relevant advances in the translational application of EV in brain disorders.
在正常和病理生理条件下，我们的细胞会分泌囊泡状的细胞外囊泡。细胞外囊泡是带有脂质双层的细胞外囊泡。这些细胞外囊泡大多数与细胞间通讯有关。大脑由紧密堆积的神经细胞组成。神经细胞在脑脊液中释放细胞外囊泡。细胞外囊泡介导的串扰通过在神经细胞之间传递货物来维持中枢神经系统的神经内稳态。在神经退行性疾病中，小细胞外囊泡将错误折叠的蛋白质转运到神经微环境中的健康细胞。它们还可以穿过血脑屏障（BBB）并刺激中枢神经系统内的外周免疫反应。在当今世界，不同的方法在各种治疗中都使用细胞外囊泡。这篇综述简要介绍了细胞外囊泡在中枢神经系统中的生物学相关性，以及 EV 在脑部疾病中的转化应用的相关进展。
