Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
Aging and Disease Prevention Research Center, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences and Biotechnology, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung 831, Taiwan.
Nutrients. 2024 Apr 28;16(9):1326. doi: 10.3390/nu16091326.
The effects of gut microbiota on the association between carbohydrate intake during pregnancy and neonatal low birth weight (LBW) were investigated. A prospective cohort study was conducted with 257 singleton-born mother-child pairs in Taiwan, and maternal dietary intake was estimated using a questionnaire, with each macronutrient being classified as low, medium, or high. Maternal fecal samples were collected between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation, and gut microbiota composition and diversity were profiled using 16S rRNA amplicon gene sequencing. Carbohydrates were the major source of total energy (56.61%), followed by fat (27.92%) and protein (15.46%). The rate of infant LBW was 7.8%, which was positively correlated with maternal carbohydrate intake. In the pregnancy gut microbiota, and spp. were indirectly and directly negatively associated with fetal growth, respectively; was directly positively associated with neonatal birth weight. Maternal hypertension during pregnancy altered the microbiota features and was associated with poor fetal growth. Microbiota-accessible carbohydrates can modify the composition and function of the pregnancy gut microbiota, thus providing a potential marker to modulate deviations from dietary patterns, particularly in women at risk of hypertension during pregnancy, to prevent neonatal LBW.
本研究旨在探讨肠道微生物群对妊娠期间碳水化合物摄入与新生儿低出生体重（LBW）之间关联的影响。在台湾进行了一项前瞻性队列研究，纳入了 257 对单胎出生的母婴对子，使用问卷评估了母体的饮食摄入情况，将每种宏量营养素分为低、中、高摄入水平。在妊娠 24-28 周期间采集母体粪便样本，并通过 16S rRNA 扩增子基因测序来分析肠道微生物群落组成和多样性。碳水化合物是总能量的主要来源（56.61%），其次是脂肪（27.92%）和蛋白质（15.46%）。婴儿 LBW 的发生率为 7.8%，与母体碳水化合物摄入呈正相关。在妊娠肠道微生物群中， 和 种分别与胎儿生长呈间接和直接负相关； 与新生儿出生体重呈直接正相关。妊娠期间的高血压改变了微生物群特征，并与胎儿生长不良有关。微生物可利用碳水化合物可以改变妊娠肠道微生物群的组成和功能，从而提供了一个潜在的标志物来调节偏离饮食模式的情况，特别是在妊娠期间有高血压风险的女性中，以预防新生儿 LBW。
