Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Dental Materials Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Dentist, Research Assistant, Dental Research Center, Mashhad Dental School, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
BMC Oral Health. 2024 May 12;24(1):554. doi: 10.1186/s12903-024-04334-2.
This in vitro study compared various obturation techniques with bioceramic sealers for filling C-shaped 3D-printed replicas. A mandibular molar with a C-shaped root canal with a C1 configuration was obtained. After instrumenting with M3 Pro Gold files (United Dental, Shanghai, China) up to size #30/0.04, a CBCT scan of the tooth was taken. Sixty 3D-printed replicas of the tooth were created. The samples were obturated with EndoSeal TCS sealer (E. TCS; Maruchi, Wonju, Korea) or EndoSeal MTA (E. MTA; Maruchi, Wonju, Korea) (n = 30). The samples in each group were obturated with the following techniques (n = 10): (1) single-cone technique (SC), (2) SC with ultrasonic activation (UA), and (3) cold hydraulic compaction (CHC). Following incubation, the replicas' apical, middle, and coronal thirds were inspected under a digital microscope, and the proportion of filling material and void were calculated. Also, the obturation time and sealer extrusion were recorded. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, LSD post-hoc, and the chi-square tests (α = 0.05). The results indicated that in the apical third, E. TCS-SC, E. TCS-UA, and E. MTA-UA had the lowest void percentage among groups (p < 0.05). In the middle thirds, samples obturated with E. TCS-UA showed a significantly lower void percentage among all groups (p < 0.05). However, in the coronal third, E. TCS-CHC showed the least void percentage (p < 0.05), followed by E. TCS-UA and E. MTA-CHC. The E. TCS-SC and E. TCS-UA were the least time-consuming methods (p < 0.05). Sealer extrusion significantly differed among the groups, with E. MTA-UA and E. TCS-UA showing higher incidence (p = 0.019). It was concluded that E. TCS-UA was the most convenient obturation technique. However, care must be taken when obturating the canals with high flow and ultrasonic activation near the vital anatomical landmarks.
本体外研究比较了各种使用生物陶瓷封闭剂的根管充填技术，以充填 C 形 3D 打印模型。获得了一个具有 C1 构型的 C 形根管的下颌磨牙。使用 M3 Pro Gold 锉（United Dental，上海，中国）扩至 #30/0.04 后，对牙齿进行 CBCT 扫描。创建了 60 个牙齿的 3D 打印模型。使用 EndoSeal TCS 封闭剂（E. TCS；Maruchi，Wonju，韩国）或 EndoSeal MTA（E. MTA；Maruchi，Wonju，韩国）（n = 30）对样本进行根管充填。每组样本采用以下技术进行根管充填（n = 10）：（1）单锥技术（SC），（2）超声激活 SC（UA），和（3）冷液压压实（CHC）。孵育后，使用数码显微镜检查复制件的根尖、中间和冠三分之一部分，并计算填充材料和空隙的比例。同时，记录根管充填时间和封闭剂挤出量。使用方差分析、LSD 事后检验和卡方检验（α = 0.05）进行数据分析。结果表明，在根尖三分之一部分，E. TCS-SC、E. TCS-UA 和 E. MTA-UA 组之间的空隙百分比最低（p < 0.05）。在中间三分之一部分，E. TCS-UA 组的样本显示出所有组中最低的空隙百分比（p < 0.05）。然而，在冠三分之一部分，E. TCS-CHC 显示出最小的空隙百分比（p < 0.05），其次是 E. TCS-UA 和 E. MTA-CHC。E. TCS-SC 和 E. TCS-UA 是最耗时的方法（p < 0.05）。封闭剂挤出量在各组之间有显著差异，E. MTA-UA 和 E. TCS-UA 的发生率较高（p = 0.019）。研究结论认为，E. TCS-UA 是最方便的根管充填技术。然而，在使用高流速和超声激活对靠近有生命解剖标志的根管进行充填时，必须小心谨慎。
