Kunrath Marcel F, Garaicoa-Pazmino Carlos, Giraldo-Osorno Paula Milena, Haj Mustafa Aya, Dahlin Christer, Larsson Lena, Asa'ad Farah
Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden.
Department of Dentistry, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.
J Periodontal Res. 2024 Dec;59(6):1095-1114. doi: 10.1111/jre.13273. Epub 2024 May 15.
Dental implant surfaces and their unique properties can interact with the surrounding oral tissues through epigenetic cues. The present scoping review provides current perspectives on surface modifications of dental implants, their impact on the osseointegration process, and the interaction between implant surface properties and epigenetics, also in peri-implant diseases. Findings of this review demonstrate the impact of innovative surface treatments on the epigenetic mechanisms of cells, showing promising results in the early stages of osseointegration. Dental implant surfaces with properties of hydrophilicity, nanotexturization, multifunctional coatings, and incorporated drug-release systems have demonstrated favorable outcomes for early bone adhesion, increased antibacterial features, and improved osseointegration. The interaction between modified surface morphologies, different chemical surface energies, and/or release of molecules within the oral tissues has been shown to influence epigenetic mechanisms of the surrounding tissues caused by a physical-chemical interaction. Epigenetic changes around dental implants in the state of health and disease are different. In conclusion, emerging approaches in surface modifications for dental implants functionalized with epigenetics have great potential with a significant impact on modulating bone healing during osseointegration.
牙种植体表面及其独特性能可通过表观遗传线索与周围口腔组织相互作用。本综述提供了关于牙种植体表面改性、其对骨结合过程的影响以及种植体表面性能与表观遗传学之间相互作用（包括种植体周围疾病方面）的当前观点。本综述的研究结果表明了创新表面处理对细胞表观遗传机制的影响，在骨结合早期显示出有前景的结果。具有亲水性、纳米纹理化、多功能涂层和药物释放系统等特性的牙种植体表面已证明在早期骨黏附、增强抗菌特性和改善骨结合方面有良好效果。已表明改性表面形态、不同化学表面能和/或口腔组织内分子释放之间的相互作用会影响由物理化学相互作用引起的周围组织的表观遗传机制。健康和疾病状态下牙种植体周围的表观遗传变化是不同的。总之，通过表观遗传学功能化的牙种植体表面改性新方法具有巨大潜力，对骨结合过程中调节骨愈合有重大影响。
