Master Degree in Nursing and Midwifery Science, University of Trieste and Udine, Trieste, Italy.
Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria G. Isontina, Trieste, Italy.
J Med Syst. 2024 May 15;48(1):50. doi: 10.1007/s10916-024-02063-1.
Virtual reality (VR) is becoming increasingly popular to train health-care professionals (HCPs) to acquire and/or maintain cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) basic or advanced skills.
To understand whether VR in CPR training or retraining courses can have benefits for patients (neonatal, pediatric, and adult), HCPs and health-care organizations as compared to traditional CPR training.
A systematic review (PROSPERO: CRD42023431768) following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. In June 2023, the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) databases were searched and included studies evaluated in their methodological quality with Joanna Briggs Institute checklists. Data were narratively summarized.
Fifteen studies published between 2013 and 2023 with overall fair quality were included. No studies investigated patients' outcomes. At the HCP level, the virtual learning environment was perceived to be engaging, realistic and facilitated the memorization of the procedures; however, limited decision-making, team building, psychological pressure and frenetic environment were underlined as disadvantages. Moreover, a general improvement in performance was reported in the use of the defibrillator and carrying out the chest compressions. At the organizational level, one study performed a cost/benefit evaluation in favor of VR as compared to traditional CPR training.
The use of VR for CPR training and retraining is in an early stage of development. Some benefits at the HCP level are promising. However, more research is needed with standardized approaches to ensure a progressive accumulation of the evidence and inform decisions regarding the best training methodology in this field.
虚拟现实（VR）正越来越多地被用于培训医疗保健专业人员（HCP），以获得和/或维持心肺复苏（CPR）的基本或高级技能。
与传统的 CPR 培训相比，了解 VR 在 CPR 培训或再培训课程中是否对患者（新生儿、儿科和成人）、HCP 和医疗保健组织有好处。
遵循系统评价报告的首选报告项目和荟萃分析（PRISMA）指南进行系统评价（PROSPERO：CRD42023431768）。2023 年 6 月，检索了 PubMed、Cochrane 图书馆、Scopus 和 Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature（CINAHL）数据库，并使用 Joanna Briggs 研究所清单评估了纳入研究的方法学质量。数据以叙述性方式进行总结。
共纳入 15 项 2013 年至 2023 年发表的研究，整体质量为中等。没有研究调查患者的结局。在 HCP 层面，虚拟学习环境被认为具有吸引力、现实性，并有助于记忆程序；然而，也强调了有限的决策制定、团队建设、心理压力和狂热的环境等缺点。此外，报告称在使用除颤器和进行胸外按压方面，性能普遍有所提高。在组织层面，一项研究对 VR 与传统 CPR 培训进行了成本效益评估，结果有利于 VR。
VR 用于 CPR 培训和再培训仍处于早期发展阶段。在 HCP 层面上的一些好处是有希望的。然而，需要更多具有标准化方法的研究，以确保证据的逐步积累，并为该领域的最佳培训方法提供决策依据。
