Chance Emmanuel Aoudi
VID Specialized University, Ulriksdal 10, Bergen, Norway.
BMC Med Educ. 2025 Jul 11;25(1):1039. doi: 10.1186/s12909-025-07589-7.
The increasing integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Virtual Reality (VR) in healthcare education offers innovative ways to enhance collaborative learning and improve patient safety. This narrative review examines the synergistic impact of AI-powered virtual reality (VR) simulations, such as those used in surgical training and patient communication, on knowledge acquisition, clinical skill development, and collaborative competencies among healthcare students. It also explores long-term knowledge retention, ethical considerations within virtual scenarios, and the psychological impact of high-stakes simulations on learner resilience.
This review is distinguished by its exhaustive literature search, which spanned PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Google Scholar, and other pertinent databases, to identify studies published between 2005 and 2024. The distinct focus on AI and VR interventions in healthcare education, particularly those with outcomes related to interdisciplinary learning or patient safety, distinguishes this review. Data were thematically analyzed across domains, including adaptive learning, technical skill development, teamwork, patient safety, and ethics.
The findings of this review carry significant practical implications. Five key themes emerged: adaptive learning (n = 17), immersive skill development (n = 10), teamwork enhancement (n = 10), patient safety (n = 18), and ethical considerations (n = 21). These themes underscore the potential of AI and VR in healthcare education. AI-driven adaptive systems enabled personalized VR training, enhancing engagement and knowledge retention. Real-time AI feedback during simulations improved decision-making in safe, controlled environments. Interdisciplinary team simulations enhanced communication and collaboration, which are crucial for effective clinical care. Ethical modules embedded in VR scenarios promoted moral reasoning. Several studies also reported increased learner confidence in performing clinical procedures following VR training, suggesting enhanced preparedness for practice.
The integration of AI and VR holds the potential to revolutionize healthcare education, fostering personalized, immersive, and ethically informed learning. These technologies enhance technical proficiency and equip students with the complex demands of modern clinical practice. Strategic implementation can contribute to error reduction, improved patient outcomes, and a culture of safety. However, the journey is not over. Continued research is crucial for assessing the long-term outcomes and cost-effectiveness of these educational innovations, as well as for keeping pace with the rapidly evolving field of AI and VR in healthcare education.
人工智能（AI）和虚拟现实（VR）在医疗教育中的日益融合为加强协作学习和提高患者安全提供了创新方法。本叙述性综述探讨了人工智能驱动的虚拟现实（VR）模拟，如用于外科手术培训和患者沟通的模拟，对医学生知识获取、临床技能发展和协作能力的协同影响。它还探讨了长期知识保留、虚拟场景中的伦理考量以及高风险模拟对学习者适应能力的心理影响。
本综述的独特之处在于其详尽的文献检索，涵盖了PubMed、CINAHL、Scopus、谷歌学术及其他相关数据库，以识别2005年至2024年期间发表的研究。本综述的独特之处在于特别关注医疗教育中的人工智能和虚拟现实干预，尤其是那些与跨学科学习或患者安全相关的结果。数据在多个领域进行了主题分析，包括适应性学习、技术技能发展、团队合作、患者安全和伦理。
本综述的结果具有重要的实际意义。出现了五个关键主题：适应性学习（n = 17）、沉浸式技能发展（n = 10）、团队合作增强（n = 10）、患者安全（n = 18）和伦理考量（n = 21）。这些主题强调了人工智能和虚拟现实在医疗教育中的潜力。人工智能驱动的自适应系统实现了个性化的虚拟现实培训，提高了参与度和知识保留率。模拟过程中的实时人工智能反馈改善了在安全、可控环境中的决策。跨学科团队模拟增强了沟通与协作，这对有效的临床护理至关重要。嵌入虚拟现实场景的伦理模块促进了道德推理。几项研究还报告称，虚拟现实培训后学习者执行临床程序的信心增强，表明其对实践的准备更加充分。
人工智能和虚拟现实的融合有可能彻底改变医疗教育，促进个性化、沉浸式和符合伦理的学习。这些技术提高了技术熟练程度，并使学生能够应对现代临床实践的复杂需求。战略实施有助于减少错误、改善患者预后并营造安全文化。然而，这一进程尚未结束。持续的研究对于评估这些教育创新的长期结果和成本效益，以及跟上医疗教育中人工智能和虚拟现实快速发展的领域至关重要。
