Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
Department of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
J Nanobiotechnology. 2024 May 19;22(1):269. doi: 10.1186/s12951-024-02500-w.
Symbiotic microbial communities are crucial for human health, and dysbiosis is associated with various diseases. Plant-derived nanovesicles (PDNVs) have a lipid bilayer structure and contain lipids, metabolites, proteins, and RNA. They offer unique advantages in regulating microbial community homeostasis and treating diseases related to dysbiosis compared to traditional drugs. On the one hand, lipids on PDNVs serve as the primary substances that mediate specific recognition and uptake by bacteria. On the other hand, due to the multifactorial nature of PDNVs, they have the potential to enhance growth and survival of beneficial bacterial while simultaneously reducing the pathogenicity of harmful bacteria. In addition, PDNVs have the capacity to modulate bacterial metabolism, thus facilitating the establishment of a harmonious microbial equilibrium and promoting stability within the microbiota. These remarkable attributes make PDNVs a promising therapeutic approach for various conditions, including periodontitis, inflammatory bowel disease, and skin infection diseases. However, challenges such as consistency, isolation methods, and storage need to be addressed before clinical application. This review aims to explore the value of PDNVs in regulating microbial community homeostasis and provide recommendations for their use as novel therapeutic agents for health protection.
共生微生物群落对人类健康至关重要，而微生物群落失调与各种疾病有关。植物来源的纳米囊泡（PDNVs）具有脂质双层结构，包含脂质、代谢物、蛋白质和 RNA。与传统药物相比，它们在调节微生物群落稳态和治疗与微生物群落失调相关的疾病方面具有独特的优势。一方面，PDNVs 上的脂质作为主要物质，介导细菌的特异性识别和摄取。另一方面，由于 PDNVs 的多因素性质，它们有可能增强有益细菌的生长和存活，同时降低有害细菌的致病性。此外，PDNVs 能够调节细菌的新陈代谢，从而促进和谐的微生物平衡的建立，并促进微生物群的稳定性。这些显著的特性使 PDNVs 成为各种疾病（包括牙周炎、炎症性肠病和皮肤感染性疾病）的有前途的治疗方法。然而，在临床应用之前，还需要解决一致性、分离方法和储存等挑战。本综述旨在探讨 PDNVs 在调节微生物群落稳态中的价值，并为将其作为新型治疗剂用于健康保护提供建议。
