MRC/CSO Social & Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland.
Institute of Computing, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Viganello, Switzerland.
Addict Sci Clin Pract. 2024 May 22;19(1):42. doi: 10.1186/s13722-024-00469-3.
To assess the extent of Coronavirus-related disruption to health and social care treatment and social interactions among people with lived or living experience of substance use in Scotland, and explore potential reasons for variations in disruption.
Cross sectional mixed methods interview, incorporating a social network 'egonet interview' approach asking about whether participants had interactions with a range of substance use, health, social care or third sector organisations, or informal social interactions.
Five Alcohol and Drug Partnership Areas in Scotland.
57 (42% women) participants were involved in the study, on average 42 years old.
Five-point Likert scale reporting whether interactions with a range of services and people had gotten much better, better, no different (or no change), worse, or much worse since COVID19 and lockdown. Ratings were nested within participants (Individuals provided multiple ratings) and some ratings were also nested within treatment service (services received multiple ratings). The nested structure was accounted for using cross classified ordinal logistic multilevel models.
While the overall average suggested only a slight negative change in interactions (mean rating 2.93), there were substantial variations according to type of interaction, and between individuals. Reported change was more often negative for mental health services (Adjusted OR = 0.93 95% CI 0.17,0.90), and positive for pharmacies (3.03 95% CI 1.36, 5.93). The models found between-participant variation of around 10%, and negligible between-service variation of around 1% in ratings. Ratings didn't vary by individual age or gender but there was variation between areas.
Substance use treatment service adaptations due to COVID19 lockdown led to both positive and negative service user experiences. Social network methods provide an effective way to describe complex system-wide interaction patterns, and to measure variations at the individual, service, and area level.
评估新冠病毒对苏格兰有药物使用经历或正在接受药物使用治疗人群的健康和社会保健服务及社交互动的干扰程度，并探讨干扰程度存在差异的潜在原因。
采用横断面混合方法访谈，结合社会网络“自我网络访谈”方法，询问参与者是否与一系列药物使用、健康、社会保健或第三部门组织或非正式社交互动有过互动。
苏格兰五个酒精和毒品合作区。
57 名（42%为女性）参与者参与了这项研究，平均年龄为 42 岁。
采用 5 点李克特量表报告自 COVID19 及封锁以来，与一系列服务和人员的互动是否有很大改善、改善、没有变化（或没有变化）、恶化或恶化很多。评分嵌套在参与者内（个人提供多个评分），一些评分也嵌套在治疗服务内（服务获得多个评分）。使用交叉分类有序逻辑多层模型考虑嵌套结构。
尽管整体平均水平表明互动仅有轻微的负面变化（平均评分 2.93），但根据互动类型和个体之间存在很大差异。心理健康服务的报告变化更常为负面（调整后的比值比=0.93，95%可信区间 0.17，0.90），而对药店的报告变化则为正面（3.03，95%可信区间 1.36，5.93）。该模型发现参与者之间的差异约为 10%，评分方面服务之间的差异可忽略不计，约为 1%。评分与个体年龄或性别无关，但不同地区之间存在差异。
由于 COVID19 封锁，药物使用治疗服务的调整导致服务使用者的体验既有积极的也有消极的。社会网络方法提供了一种有效的方法来描述复杂的系统范围的互动模式，并测量个体、服务和地区层面的差异。
