Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India.
Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Parul University, Gujrat, Vadodara, 391760, India.
Mol Neurobiol. 2024 Dec;61(12):10747-10769. doi: 10.1007/s12035-024-04222-4. Epub 2024 May 23.
Plants and their derived phytochemicals have a long history of treating a wide range of illnesses for several decades. They are believed to be the origin of a diverse array of medicinal compounds. One of the compounds found in kudzu root is puerarin, a isoflavone glycoside commonly used as an alternative medicine to treat various diseases. From a biological perspective, puerarin can be described as a white needle crystal with the chemical name of 7-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-benzopyran-4-one-8-D-glucopyranoside. Besides, puerarin is sparingly soluble in water and produces no color or light yellow solution. Multiple experimental and clinical studies have confirmed the significant therapeutic effects of puerarin. These effects span a wide range of pharmacological effects, including neuroprotection, hepatoprotection, cardioprotection, immunomodulation, anticancer properties, anti-diabetic properties, anti-osteoporosis properties, and more. Puerarin achieves these effects by interacting with various cellular and molecular pathways, such as MAPK, AMPK, NF-κB, mTOR, β-catenin, and PKB/Akt, as well as different receptors, enzymes, and growth factors. The current review highlights the molecular mechanism of puerarin as a neuroprotective agent in the treatment of various neurodegenerative and neurological diseases. Extensive cellular, animal, and clinical research has provided valuable insights into its effectiveness in conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, cerebral stroke, depression, and more.
植物及其衍生的植物化学物质在治疗各种疾病方面已有数十年的悠久历史。它们被认为是多种药用化合物的起源。葛根中的一种化合物是葛根素，一种异黄酮糖苷，常用于替代医学治疗各种疾病。从生物学角度来看，葛根素可以描述为一种白色针状晶体，其化学名称为 7-羟基-3-(4-羟基苯基)-1-苯并吡喃-4-酮-8-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷。此外，葛根素在水中的溶解度较低，不会产生颜色或浅黄色溶液。多项实验和临床研究证实了葛根素的显著治疗效果。这些效果涵盖了广泛的药理作用，包括神经保护、肝保护、心脏保护、免疫调节、抗癌特性、抗糖尿病特性、抗骨质疏松特性等。葛根素通过与各种细胞和分子途径相互作用来实现这些效果，如 MAPK、AMPK、NF-κB、mTOR、β-连环蛋白和 PKB/Akt，以及不同的受体、酶和生长因子。本综述重点介绍了葛根素作为治疗各种神经退行性和神经疾病的神经保护剂的分子机制。广泛的细胞、动物和临床研究为其在阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、癫痫、脑卒中等疾病中的有效性提供了宝贵的见解。
