McKeever Amy N, Drouet Phillip C, Vera Jesus A, Thomas William E, Coburn Jared W, Costa Pablo B
Cardiac Rehabilitation Program, Providence St. Jude Medical Center, Fullerton, CA 92835, USA.
Department of Kinesiology, California State University, Fullerton, CA 92831, USA.
Sports (Basel). 2024 Apr 28;12(5):122. doi: 10.3390/sports12050122.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of cardiac rehabilitation on health markers and performance outcomes among diabetic and nondiabetic patients with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
One hundred and ninety-seven patients with PCI and CABG, who attended phase 2 cardiac rehabilitation, were included in the study. Patient data were separated by cardiac diagnosis, (PCI and CABG), diabetes category (diabetic and nondiabetic), number of sessions attended (12-24 or 25-36), and time (pre- to post-test). The Duke Activity Score Index and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 questionnaires and measurements for total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, and, if diabetic, A1c and fasting blood glucose, were taken at baseline and upon completion of the program.
High-density lipoprotein ( < 0.001), diastolic blood pressure ( = 0.004), Duke Activity Score Index questionnaire ( < 0.001), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 ( < 0.001), and A1c ( = 0.003) significantly improved from pre- to post-testing. Total cholesterol ( < 0.001) and low-density lipoprotein ( < 0.001) for the 25-36 nondiabetic PCI group significantly decreased. Triglycerides decreased for all 12-24 session groups ( = 0.015). Fasting blood glucose significantly decreased ( = 0.037) for the 12-24 PCI group with diabetes. No significant interactions were found for systolic blood pressure and body weight.
Cardiac rehabilitation resulted in significant improvements in the lipid panel, diastolic blood pressure, and questionnaire results, regardless of the number of sessions attended. However, no significant benefits for systolic blood pressure were observed.
本研究旨在调查心脏康复对接受冠状动脉旁路移植术（CABG）和经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）的糖尿病和非糖尿病患者的健康指标及功能结局的影响。
本研究纳入了197例接受PCI和CABG且参加了第二阶段心脏康复的患者。患者数据按心脏诊断（PCI和CABG）、糖尿病类型（糖尿病和非糖尿病）、参加疗程数（12 - 24或25 - 36）以及时间（测试前至测试后）进行分类。在基线和项目结束时，采用杜克活动评分指数问卷、患者健康问卷 - 9，并测量总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白、甘油三酯，糖尿病患者还测量糖化血红蛋白（A1c）和空腹血糖。
从测试前到测试后，高密度脂蛋白（<0.001）、舒张压（=0.004）、杜克活动评分指数问卷（<0.001）、患者健康问卷 - 9（<0.001）和A1c（=0.003）均有显著改善。25 - 36节疗程的非糖尿病PCI组的总胆固醇（<0.001）和低密度脂蛋白（<0.001）显著降低。所有参加12 - 24节疗程组的甘油三酯均降低（=0.015）。12 - 24节疗程的糖尿病PCI组的空腹血糖显著降低（=0.037）。收缩压和体重未发现显著交互作用。
无论参加疗程数多少，心脏康复均能显著改善血脂指标、舒张压和问卷结果。然而，未观察到收缩压有显著益处。
