da Silva Sandy Kelly S M, Fuentes-Castillo Danny A, Ewbank Ana Carolina, Sacristán Carlos, Catão-Dias José L, Sevá Anaiá P, Lincopan Nilton, Deem Sharon L, Feitosa Lauro C S, Catenacci Lilian S
Programa de Pós-Graduação Saúde Animal na Amazônia, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém 66075-110, Brazil.
Departamento de Patología y Medicina Preventiva, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción (UDEC), Concepción 4070409, Chile.
Vet Sci. 2024 Apr 28;11(5):195. doi: 10.3390/vetsci11050195.
The use, misuse, and overuse of antimicrobials is one of the main public health threats of the 21st century. We investigated the risk factor of the presence of extended-spectrum, cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacterales in feces of non-domestic and domestic birds and other domestic animals in Piauí State, northeast Brazil. We collected a total of 387 cloacal and rectal swab samples of free-living birds, domestic birds, and domestic mammals in five municipalities: Amarante, Água Branca, Lagoa Alegre, Parnaíba, and Teresina. A total of 59/387 (15.2%) of these samples harbored extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacterales. Using the MALDI-TOF technique, we identified fifty-seven samples as and two samples as . Teresina and Parnaíba had the highest prevalence of animals with resistant bacteria (32.1% and 27.1%, respectively) and highest exposure risk factor (OR of 16.06 and 8.58, respectively, and < 0.001 for all). Multidrug-resistant, ESBL-producing Enterobacterales were observed in 72.8% of the samples (43/59). For the free-living birds, the positive samples belonged to a great kiskadee () and a semipalmated sandpiper () in migratory and resident species, respectively. For domestic animals, the swine samples showed the highest prevalence of antimicrobial resistance. The lack of access to veterinary care and information regarding antimicrobial therapy, along with the easy access to antimicrobials without medical prescription, favors the inadequate use of antimicrobials in Piauí.
抗菌药物的使用、滥用和过度使用是21世纪主要的公共卫生威胁之一。我们调查了巴西东北部皮奥伊州非家禽和家禽以及其他家畜粪便中产超广谱头孢菌素耐药肠杆菌科细菌存在的风险因素。我们在阿马兰特、阿瓜布兰卡、拉戈阿莱格雷、帕纳伊巴和特雷西纳这五个城市共收集了387份自由生活鸟类、家禽和家哺乳动物的泄殖腔和直肠拭子样本。这些样本中共有59/387（15.2%）含有产超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL）的肠杆菌科细菌。使用基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间（MALDI-TOF）技术，我们将57个样本鉴定为 ，2个样本鉴定为 。特雷西纳和帕纳伊巴的动物携带耐药菌的患病率最高（分别为32.1%和27.1%），暴露风险因素也最高（OR分别为16.06和8.58，所有P均<0.001）。在72.8%的样本（43/59）中观察到多重耐药、产ESBL的肠杆菌科细菌。对于自由生活鸟类，阳性样本分别属于迁徙物种中的大食蝇霸鹟（ ）和留鸟物种中的半蹼滨鹬（ ）。对于家畜，猪的样本显示出最高的抗菌药物耐药率。在皮奥伊州，缺乏获得兽医护理和有关抗菌治疗信息的途径，以及无需医生处方就能轻易获得抗菌药物，助长了抗菌药物的不当使用。
