Kim Sanggu, Chaudhary Preeti Kumari, Upadhayaya Sachin, Seo Kwang Won, Kim Soochong
College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea.
Animals (Basel). 2024 May 14;14(10):1457. doi: 10.3390/ani14101457.
Sebaceous gland tumors are neoplasms originating from the sebaceous gland and are the third most common type of skin tumor, accounting for 21-35% of all cutaneous neoplasms in dogs. According to their histopathological characteristics, sebaceous gland tumors can be classified into adenoma as a benign tumor and epithelioma as a malignant tumor. Sebaceous epithelioma is distinguished from sebaceous adenoma by containing 90% or more reserve cells. However, this simple numerical criterion is insufficient to histologically distinguish between epitheliomas and adenomas. In addition, sebaceoma in humans, a similar tumor to sebaceous epithelioma, is a term used for tumors with more than 50% of reserve cells, unlike epithelioma. Therefore, we aimed to compare and characterize the histological and immunohistochemical profiles of comprehensive sebaceous adenoma, epithelioma, and borderline tumors that have more than 50% but less than 90% of reserve cells. A total of 14 canine sebaceous tumors were diagnosed as seven adenomas, four borderline tumors, and three epitheliomas. Histologically, the sebaceous adenomas showed nodules consisting of mature sebocytes surrounded by monolayer basaloid cells. In contrast, the portion of the reserve cells was increased, the portion of lipidized cells was decreased, and the majority of lipidized cells were found to be immature in sebaceous epithelioma. In the sebaceous adenomas, necrosis was not observed and mitotic figures were rarely seen. However, necrosis and mitotic figures were highly frequent in both borderline tumor and sebaceous epithelioma. Immunohistochemistry revealed that borderline tumor and sebaceous epithelioma showed significantly higher expression against Ki-67 than sebaceous adenoma. We conclude that it is more accurate to employ the cut-off value of 50% reserve cells in humans rather than the current 90% reserve cells for classifying sebaceous gland tumors in dogs, thereby providing new insight into the characterization of the sebaceous gland tumors.
皮脂腺肿瘤是起源于皮脂腺的肿瘤，是第三常见的皮肤肿瘤类型，占犬类所有皮肤肿瘤的21%-35%。根据其组织病理学特征，皮脂腺肿瘤可分为良性肿瘤腺瘤和恶性肿瘤上皮瘤。皮脂腺上皮瘤与皮脂腺腺瘤的区别在于含有90%或更多的储备细胞。然而，这个简单的数值标准不足以在组织学上区分上皮瘤和腺瘤。此外，人类的皮脂腺瘤是一种与皮脂腺上皮瘤相似的肿瘤，与上皮瘤不同，它是用于储备细胞超过50%的肿瘤的术语。因此，我们旨在比较和描述具有50%以上但少于90%储备细胞的综合性皮脂腺腺瘤、上皮瘤和交界性肿瘤的组织学和免疫组化特征。总共14例犬皮脂腺肿瘤被诊断为7例腺瘤、4例交界性肿瘤和3例上皮瘤。组织学上，皮脂腺腺瘤表现为由单层基底样细胞围绕的成熟皮脂腺细胞组成的结节。相比之下，皮脂腺上皮瘤中储备细胞的比例增加，脂质化细胞的比例减少，并且发现大多数脂质化细胞是不成熟的。在皮脂腺腺瘤中，未观察到坏死，很少见到有丝分裂象。然而，交界性肿瘤和皮脂腺上皮瘤中坏死和有丝分裂象都非常频繁。免疫组化显示，交界性肿瘤和皮脂腺上皮瘤对Ki-67的表达明显高于皮脂腺腺瘤。我们得出结论，在对犬皮脂腺肿瘤进行分类时，采用人类50%储备细胞的临界值比目前的90%储备细胞更准确，从而为皮脂腺肿瘤的特征描述提供了新的见解。
