Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery and Solid Organ Transplantation, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, India.
Amrita School of Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Kochi, India.
Curr Microbiol. 2024 May 28;81(7):193. doi: 10.1007/s00284-024-03694-w.
The gut microbiota, amounting to approximately 100 trillion (10) microbes represents a genetic repertoire that is bigger than the human genome itself. Evidence on bidirectional interplay between human and microbial genes is mounting. Microbiota probably play vital roles in diverse aspects of normal human metabolism, such as digestion, immune modulation, and gut endocrine function, as well as in the genesis and progression of many human diseases. Indeed, the gut microbiota has been most closely linked to various chronic ailments affecting the liver, although concrete scientific data are sparse. In this narrative review, we initially discuss the basic epidemiology of gut microbiota and the factors influencing their initial formation in the gut. Subsequently, we delve into the gut-liver axis and the evidence regarding the link between gut microbiota and the genesis or progression of various liver diseases. Finally, we summarise the recent research on plausible ways to modulate the gut microbiota to alter the natural history of liver disease.
肠道微生物群，数量约为 1000 万亿（10）个微生物，代表了一个比人类基因组本身更大的基因库。越来越多的证据表明人类基因和微生物基因之间存在双向相互作用。微生物群可能在正常人类代谢的许多方面发挥着至关重要的作用，如消化、免疫调节和肠道内分泌功能，以及许多人类疾病的发生和发展。事实上，肠道微生物群与影响肝脏的各种慢性疾病最为密切相关，尽管具体的科学数据还很缺乏。在这篇叙述性综述中，我们首先讨论了肠道微生物群的基本流行病学以及影响其在肠道中最初形成的因素。随后，我们深入探讨了肠道-肝脏轴以及关于肠道微生物群与各种肝脏疾病的发生或发展之间联系的证据。最后，我们总结了最近关于通过调节肠道微生物群来改变肝脏疾病自然史的可行方法的研究。
