Hu Haiyang, Wang Miaoxiao, Huang Yiqun, Xu Zhaoyong, Xu Ping, Nie Yong, Tang Hongzhi
State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China.
Department of Environmental Systems Science ETH Zürich Zürich Switzerland.
mLife. 2022 Nov 3;1(4):382-398. doi: 10.1002/mlf2.12043. eCollection 2022 Dec.
Although the accomplishments of microbiome engineering highlight its significance for the targeted manipulation of microbial communities, knowledge and technical gaps still limit the applications of microbiome engineering in biotechnology, especially for environmental use. Addressing the environmental challenges of refractory pollutants and fluctuating environmental conditions requires an adequate understanding of the theoretical achievements and practical applications of microbiome engineering. Here, we review recent cutting-edge studies on microbiome engineering strategies and their classical applications in bioremediation. Moreover, a framework is summarized for combining both top-down and bottom-up approaches in microbiome engineering toward improved applications. A strategy to engineer microbiomes for environmental use, which avoids the build-up of toxic intermediates that pose a risk to human health, is suggested. We anticipate that the highlighted framework and strategy will be beneficial for engineering microbiomes to address difficult environmental challenges such as degrading multiple refractory pollutants and sustain the performance of engineered microbiomes in situ with indigenous microorganisms under fluctuating conditions.
尽管微生物组工程的成就凸显了其对微生物群落进行靶向操纵的重要性，但知识和技术差距仍然限制了微生物组工程在生物技术中的应用，特别是在环境领域的应用。应对难降解污染物和波动环境条件带来的环境挑战，需要充分了解微生物组工程的理论成果和实际应用。在此，我们综述了微生物组工程策略及其在生物修复中的经典应用的最新前沿研究。此外，总结了一个框架，用于在微生物组工程中结合自上而下和自下而上的方法，以实现更好的应用。我们提出了一种用于环境用途的微生物组工程策略，该策略可避免产生对人类健康构成风险的有毒中间体。我们预计，突出强调的框架和策略将有利于设计微生物组，以应对诸如降解多种难降解污染物以及在波动条件下与本地微生物一起原位维持工程微生物组性能等棘手的环境挑战。
