Hassan Shafie Abdulkadir, Ahmed Yousif Mousa Alobaid, Almugadam Babiker Saad, Hassan Yahye Sheikh Abdulle
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of El Imam El Mahdi, Kosti, Sudan.
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Jamhuriya University of Science and Technology, Mogadishu, Somalia.
Front Glob Womens Health. 2024 May 21;5:1279088. doi: 10.3389/fgwh.2024.1279088. eCollection 2024.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) remains a leading cause of chronic hepatitis, maternal complications, and neonatal deaths in sub-Saharan Africa. Mother-to-child transmission is a major route of HBV transmission in endemic areas. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of hepatitis B infection and its associated factors among pregnant women attending Antenatal Care clinics at SOS Hospital in Mogadishu, Somalia.
The research followed a cross-sectional design, and the participants were chosen through systematic random sampling, including every fifth outpatient. Each participant provided a blood sample for standard testing, and their consent was obtained before conducting Hepatitis B screening using the ELISA method.
In our study of 384 pregnant women, 43 individuals (11.2%) tested positive for HBsAg. The frequency of HBsAg seropositivity was significantly higher in subjects with no education when compared to those with primary education (AOR = 0.1, 95% CI: 0.01-0.96, = 0.046). Caesarian Section (AOR = 0.02, 95% CI: 0.004-0.0103, = 0.001), blood transfusion (AOR = 11.6, 95% CI: 3.44-38.08, = 0.001), previous dental procedures (AOR = 0.1, 95% CI: 0.04-0.38, = 0.001), and unsafe injections in the past (AOR = 0.3, 95% CI: 0.09-0.91, = 0.035) were identified as significant risk factors for hepatitis positivity.
The study found a higher prevalence of hepatitis B compared to previous studies. Factors such as blood transfusion, dental procedures, Caesarian Section, and unsafe injections were associated with hepatitis B infection. It is essential to raise awareness, promote preventive measures, and implement routine screening for pregnant women so as to stop the transmission of hepatitis B to their children.
在撒哈拉以南非洲地区，乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）仍然是导致慢性肝炎、孕产妇并发症和新生儿死亡的主要原因。母婴传播是流行地区HBV传播的主要途径。本研究旨在确定索马里摩加迪沙SOS医院产前保健诊所就诊的孕妇中乙型肝炎感染的患病率及其相关因素。
本研究采用横断面设计，通过系统随机抽样选取参与者，包括每第五位门诊患者。每位参与者提供一份血液样本进行标准检测，并在使用ELISA方法进行乙型肝炎筛查前获得其同意。
在我们对384名孕妇的研究中，43人（11.2%）HBsAg检测呈阳性。与接受过小学教育的受试者相比，未受过教育的受试者中HBsAg血清阳性频率显著更高（调整后比值比[AOR]=0.1，95%置信区间[CI]：0.01-0.96，P=0.046）。剖宫产（AOR=0.02，95%CI：0.004-0.0103，P=0.001）、输血（AOR=11.6，95%CI：3.44-38.08，P=0.001）、既往牙科手术（AOR=0.1，95%CI：0.04-0.38，P=0.001）和过去的不安全注射（AOR=0.3，95%CI：0.09-0.91，P=0.035）被确定为肝炎阳性的显著危险因素。
该研究发现，与以往研究相比，乙型肝炎的患病率更高。输血、牙科手术、剖宫产和不安全注射等因素与乙型肝炎感染有关。提高认识、推广预防措施并对孕妇进行常规筛查以阻止乙型肝炎传播给其子女至关重要。
