Department of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran.
BMC Genomics. 2024 Jun 5;25(1):567. doi: 10.1186/s12864-024-10467-z.
The auxin/indole-3-acetic acid (Aux/IAA) gene family is a crucial element of the auxin signaling pathway, significantly influencing plant growth and development. Hence, we conducted a comprehensive investigation of Aux/IAAs gene family using the Sp75 and Monoe-Viroflay genomes in spinach.
A total of 24 definitive Aux/IAA genes were identified, exhibiting diverse attributes in terms of amino acid length, molecular weight, and isoelectric points. This diversity underscores potential specific roles within the family, such as growth regulation and stress response. Structural analysis revealed significant variations in gene length and molecular weight. These variations indicate distinct roles within the Aux/IAA gene family. Chromosomal distribution analysis exhibited a dispersed pattern, with chromosomes 4 and 1 hosting the highest and lowest numbers of Aux/IAA genes, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis grouped the identified genes into distinct clades, revealing potential evolutionary relationships. Notably, the phylogenetic tree highlighted specific gene clusters suggesting shared genetic ancestry and potential functional synergies within spinach. Expression analysis under NAA treatment unveiled gene-specific and time-dependent responses, with certain genes exhibiting distinct temporal expression patterns. Specifically, SpoIAA5 displayed a substantial increase at 2 h post-NAA treatment, while SpoIAA7 and SpoIAA9 demonstrated continuous rises, peaking at the 4-hour time point.
These observations indicate a complex interplay of gene-specific and temporal regulation in response to auxin. Moreover, the comparison with other plant species emphasized both shared characteristics and unique features in Aux/IAA gene numbers, providing insights into the evolutionary dynamics of this gene family. This comprehensive characterization of Aux/IAA genes in spinach not only establishes the foundation for understanding their specific functions in spinach development but also provides a valuable resource for experimental validation and further exploration of their roles in the intricate network of auxin signaling pathways.
生长素/吲哚-3-乙酸（Aux/IAA）基因家族是生长素信号通路的关键组成部分，对植物的生长和发育有重要影响。因此，我们利用菠菜的 Sp75 和 Monoe-Viroflay 基因组对 Aux/IAAs 基因家族进行了全面研究。
共鉴定出 24 个明确的 Aux/IAA 基因，它们在氨基酸长度、分子量和等电点等方面表现出多样性。这种多样性突出了该家族中潜在的特定作用，如生长调节和应激反应。结构分析显示基因长度和分子量存在显著差异。这些差异表明 Aux/IAA 基因家族内存在不同的作用。染色体分布分析显示出分散的模式，染色体 4 和 1 分别拥有最多和最少的 Aux/IAA 基因。系统发育分析将鉴定出的基因分为不同的分支，揭示了潜在的进化关系。值得注意的是，系统发育树突出了特定的基因簇，表明菠菜内存在共享的遗传祖先和潜在的功能协同作用。NAA 处理下的表达分析揭示了基因特异性和时间依赖性反应，某些基因表现出特定的时间表达模式。具体而言，SpoIAA5 在 NAA 处理后 2 小时显著增加，而 SpoIAA7 和 SpoIAA9 则持续上升，在 4 小时时达到峰值。
这些观察结果表明，基因特异性和时间调节在生长素反应中存在复杂的相互作用。此外，与其他植物物种的比较强调了 Aux/IAA 基因数量的共同特征和独特特征，为该基因家族的进化动态提供了深入了解。菠菜 Aux/IAA 基因的全面特征不仅为理解其在菠菜发育中的特定功能奠定了基础，还为实验验证和进一步探索其在生长素信号通路复杂网络中的作用提供了宝贵资源。
